{"id":10071,"date":"2025-06-17T10:30:00","date_gmt":"2025-06-17T10:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/?p=10071"},"modified":"2025-06-18T15:46:20","modified_gmt":"2025-06-18T15:46:20","slug":"hoekom-het-jy-relais-nodig","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2025\/06\/17\/wozu-braucht-man-relais\/","title":{"rendered":"Waarom het jy relais nodig?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Inhoudsopgawe<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2025\/06\/17\/wozu-braucht-man-relais\/#Kabelquerschnitt\" >Kabeldeursnee<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2025\/06\/17\/wozu-braucht-man-relais\/#Relais-Arten\" >Relais tipes<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2025\/06\/17\/wozu-braucht-man-relais\/#Schlieser-_Offner\" >Normaalweg oop \/ normaalweg gesluit<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2025\/06\/17\/wozu-braucht-man-relais\/#Wechsler\" >Wisselaar<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2025\/06\/17\/wozu-braucht-man-relais\/#Sonderrelais\" >Spesiale relais<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2025\/06\/17\/wozu-braucht-man-relais\/#Praxis-Beispiel\" >Praktiese voorbeeld<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Leestyd<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minute<\/span><\/span>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Relais word gebruik om verbruikers (laste) met ho\u00ebr krag (W \u2013 Watt \u2013) te skakel. <em>P<\/em>) as wat die skakelkontak van die skakelaar of die kabeldwarssnit by die skakelaar sou toelaat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Almal is vertroud met die ritmiese geklik van die flikkerligte in &#039;n motor. Ge\u00efntegreerde elektronika verseker die wetlik voorgeskrewe flikkerinterval en skakel die relais aan en af. Die flikkerligte wat aan die relais gekoppel is, wat daardeur van krag voorsien word, flikker gesinchroniseerd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nou, aanwysers benodig nie baie krag nie, aangesien hulle nie ho\u00eb strome behels nie, maar met grootstraal-kopligte is dinge heeltemal anders!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kabelquerschnitt\"><\/span>Kabeldeursnee<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Uiteindelik, selfs kleiner <a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/elektriese-installasie-in-n-woonwa-is-nie-vuurpylwetenskap-nie\/#Kabelquerschnitt\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"6364\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kabeldeursnitte<\/a> (Kabeldeursnitte in die gelykstroom (GS) reeks kan hier bepaal word) tussen die skakelaar en relais, wat koste verminder en die groter deursnitte van die relais na die las bevoordeel. Hierdie kabels kan kort gehou word, wat weer koste en spanningsvalle langs die kabelpad laag hou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As kabels te dun is vir die vereiste krag, word hulle warm en kan hulle &#039;n verwarmingsdraad word. Dun kabels het &#039;n ho\u00eb ohmiese weerstand (\u03a9 (Ohm) weerstand \u2013 <em>R<\/em>), wat daartoe lei dat minder spanning aan die einde uitkom as aan die begin.<br>&#039;n 50 m kabelhaspel met &#039;n kabeldeursnee van 3 x 1.5 mm<sup>2<\/sup> lewer &#039;n verbruiker met 16 Amp\u00e8re (A-stroom) <em>Ek<\/em>) steeds net 210 volt (V \u2013 spanning \u2013 <em>U<\/em>As jy &#039;n kabel met 3x 2.5 mm gebruik<sup>2<\/sup>, jy is steeds op 221 V.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kampeerders ondervind dikwels hierdie probleem, aangesien hulle lang kabelrolle saamdra en later kla oor die ho\u00eb kragverbruik of die behoefte aan stroombrekers, terwyl tuis alles perfek gewerk het \u2013 met &#039;n kort kabel\u2026!<br>&#039;n Verbruiker trek meer krag wanneer dit te min spanning ontvang om sy beoogde uitset te lewer. Gevolglik is kragverbruik ho\u00ebr wanneer die spanning laer as &quot;normaal&quot; is.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kabeldeursnitte in die wisselspanningsbereik \u2013 WS \u2013 kan wees <a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wat-om-te-doen-in-geval-van-n-kragonderbreking\/#Kabelquerschnitt_AC\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1418\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tabel<\/a> bereken word.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Relais-Arten\"><\/span>Relais tipes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In motoringenieurswese word relais tipies met 12 of 24 V GS bedryf, wat laste tot ongeveer 30 A kan skakel. Kragrelais kan laste tot 400 A hanteer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Die terminale van die relaispoele is gemerk 85 en 86. Vir relais met &#039;n ingeboude vonkonderdrukkingsdiode word 86 plus toegeken. Relais sonder &#039;n vonkonderdrukkingsdiode kan met enige polariteit gekoppel word, maar dit het nuttig geblyk om die polariteit te kies asof &#039;n vonkonderdrukkingsdiode ingebou is (in elektronika word dit genoem <em>Vryloopdiode<\/em>Dit laat toe dat enige relais in dieselfde sok gebruik kan word sonder om deur verkeerde polariteit beskadig te word. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Schlieser-_Offner\"><\/span>Normaalweg oop \/ normaalweg gesluit<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Relais wat gebruik word om &#039;n las AAN te skakel, het &#039;n NO-kontak, of &#039;n NC-kontak om dit AF te skakel. Die kontak van &#039;n NO-relais is oop wanneer dit gedeaktiveer is en sluit sodra die relais krag kry. Die NC-kontak werk in die teenoorgestelde rigting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Die skakelkontakte is gemerk 30 (plus) en 87 (verbruiker).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"587\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-5-587x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10072\" style=\"width:159px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-5-587x1024.png 587w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-5-172x300.png 172w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-5-7x12.png 7w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-5.png 659w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 587px) 100vw, 587px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Die vonkonderdrukkingsdiode wat onder die relaispoel getoon word, het die taak om spanningspieke van etlike honderde volt te absorbeer en te kompenseer wat in die spoel voorkom wanneer die relais se kragtoevoer afgeskakel word.<br>Alhoewel die meeste relais wat in motortegnologie gebruik word, nie so &#039;n ge\u00efntegreerde beskermingskring het nie, omdat die relaispoele redelik &quot;robuust&quot; is, is dit &#039;n wyser besluit om relais met &#039;n ingeboude vonkonderdrukkingsdiode te gebruik indien moontlik!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Wechsler\"><\/span>Wisselaar<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Die omskakelrelais maak die skakeling van twee verbruikers moontlik en het dus drie skakelkontakte en dus ook drie verbindings, 30 (plus), 87 (normaalweg oop) en 87a (normaalweg gesluit).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"504\" height=\"954\" src=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-6.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10073\" style=\"width:161px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-6.png 504w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-6-158x300.png 158w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-6-6x12.png 6w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 504px) 100vw, 504px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sonderrelais\"><\/span>Spesiale relais<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dit sluit in flikkerende of tydrelais met ge\u00efntegreerde elektronika.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Praxis-Beispiel\"><\/span>Praktiese voorbeeld<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dit is belangrik om verskeie verbruikers sentraal via &#039;n beheerpaneel aan of af te kan skakel. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kleinhandelaars bied &#039;n wye verskeidenheid produkte aan, wat almal een ding in gemeen het: die kabels is baie dun en ontwerp vir slegs lae strome. Onthou: koper is duur...<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"570\" height=\"299\" src=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10075\" style=\"width:466px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-8.png 570w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-8-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-8-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 570px) 100vw, 570px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Wat aanvanklik as &#039;n klein LED-liggie begin, groei vinniger as verwag in &#039;n hele beligtingstelsel. Dit verhoog ook die kragverbruik en dus die krag wat geskakel moet word. &#039;n Argument vir die gebruik van &#039;n relais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hierdie skakelaars word gewoonlik in &#039;n brugkonfigurasie gekoppel: alle positiewe en negatiewe pole is aan mekaar gekoppel. Die las wat via die laaste skakelaar gekoppel is, trek sy stroom via alle vorige br\u00fbe. Dit beteken dat die totale stroom van alle gekoppelde laste nie die kapasiteit van die toevoerlyn mag oorskry nie.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"395\" src=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-16-1024x395.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10085\" style=\"width:513px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-16-1024x395.png 1024w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-16-300x116.png 300w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-16-768x296.png 768w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-16-18x7.png 18w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-16.png 1126w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Die 12 V 20 A-gradering wat gewoonlik deur vervaardigers gespesifiseer word, verwys eintlik slegs na die standaard kabellengte van &#039;n paar sentimeter. As jy net EEN meter kabel insluit, is die toelaatbare stroom slegs 2 A, een tiende daarvan!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In hierdie opsig is die gebruik van skakelrelais (normaalweg geslote kontakte) meer as raadsaam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Die VRYE kontak gemerk met &quot;V&quot; lei na terminaal 86 van &#039;n relais, die draad gemerk met &quot;-&quot; is gekoppel aan terminaal 85.<br>Die verbruiker trek sy grond (minus) direk vanaf die battery (of voertuig se grondverbinding), terwyl dit plus ontvang via die geskakelde relaiskonneksie 87.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"857\" src=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-14-1024x857.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10083\" style=\"width:517px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-14-1024x857.png 1024w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-14-300x251.png 300w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-14-768x643.png 768w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-14-1536x1286.png 1536w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-14-14x12.png 14w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-14.png 2034w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Indien die ooreenstemmende skakelaar nou geaktiveer word, ontvang die relais positiewe spanning by kontak 86, aktiveer dit en skakel via sy kontak (30 - positief) na die teenoorgestelde kontak 87, waarna die las ook positiewe spanning ontvang en dus aangeskakel word. Sodra die skakelaar weer afgeskakel word, val die relais uit en ontkoppel die kragtoevoer na die las.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Leestyd<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minute<\/span><\/span>Relais dienen dem Schalten von Verbrauchern (Lasten) h\u00f6herer Leistung (W &#8211; Watt &#8211; P) als der Schaltkontakt des Schalters oder des Kabelquerschnitts am Schalter es zulassen w\u00fcrde. Jeder kennt im Auto das rhythmische Klacken des Blinker-Relais. Eine integrierte Elektronik sorgt f\u00fcr das gesetzlich vorgeschriebene Blinkintervall und schaltet das Relais ein und aus. Im gleichen Takt&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2025\/06\/17\/wozu-braucht-man-relais\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Lees Meer \u00bb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Waarom het jy relais nodig?<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2588,5081],"tags":[2382,2384,5084,5085,5087,2881,4474,5090,5089,1432,1060,5092,5088,5093,5082,2882,5097,1280,5083,5095,1062,981,448,459,446,642,444,466,1415,1378,5094,5091,5096],"class_list":["post-10071","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kfz-technik","category-relais-technik","tag-12v","tag-24v","tag-5084","tag-5085","tag-5087","tag-ampere","tag-blinker-relais","tag-freilaufdiode","tag-funkenloeschdiode","tag-gleichspannung","tag-kabelquerschnitt","tag-kabelrolle","tag-last","tag-leistungsrelais","tag-oeffner","tag-ohm","tag-polung","tag-relais","tag-schliesser","tag-schutzschaltung","tag-sicherung","tag-sicherungsautomat","tag-spannung","tag-spannungsabfall","tag-strom","tag-stromstaerke","tag-stromverbrauch","tag-verbraucher","tag-volt","tag-watt","tag-wechsler","tag-widerstand","tag-zeitrelais"],"modified_by":"Achim Goerner","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10071","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10071"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10071\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10071"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10071"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10071"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}