{"id":5777,"date":"2023-11-30T12:05:40","date_gmt":"2023-11-30T12:05:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/?p=5777"},"modified":"2024-01-12T15:58:15","modified_gmt":"2024-01-12T15:58:15","slug":"dsl-kabel-veseloptiese-of-wat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2023\/11\/30\/dsl-kabel-glasfaser-oder-was\/","title":{"rendered":"DSL, kabel, veseloptiese netwerk \u2013 of wat?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_86 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Inhoudsopgawe<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2023\/11\/30\/dsl-kabel-glasfaser-oder-was\/#Historie\" >geskiedenis<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2023\/11\/30\/dsl-kabel-glasfaser-oder-was\/#Festnetz-Technologien\" >Vastelyntegnologie\u00eb<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2023\/11\/30\/dsl-kabel-glasfaser-oder-was\/#ISDN\" >ISDN<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2023\/11\/30\/dsl-kabel-glasfaser-oder-was\/#VDSL\" >(V)DSL<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2023\/11\/30\/dsl-kabel-glasfaser-oder-was\/#Kabel\" >Kabel<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2023\/11\/30\/dsl-kabel-glasfaser-oder-was\/#Glasfaser\" >Veseloptiese<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2023\/11\/30\/dsl-kabel-glasfaser-oder-was\/#Internet_unterwegs\" >Internet onderweg<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2023\/11\/30\/dsl-kabel-glasfaser-oder-was\/#GSM_EDGE_UMTS_LTE_3G_4G_5G\" >GSM\/EDGE\/UMTS\/LTE 3G, 4G, 5G<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2023\/11\/30\/dsl-kabel-glasfaser-oder-was\/#StarLink\" >StarLink<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Leestyd<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 3<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minute<\/span><\/span>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DSL, kabel, veseloptiese verbinding \u2013 is dit nie alles kabel nie? \u2019n Dierbare vriend het my onlangs gevra of ek my \u2019n prentjie van \u2019n berg en \u2019n os kan voorstel? Dis hoe hy nou voel nadat ek aanbeveel het dat hy in die toekoms vir kabel in plaas van DSL aansoek doen om internettoegang te kry. Kabel \u2013 wat is die verskil? DSL werk op kabel, n\u00e8?!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Daarom is hier &#039;n artikel wat letterlik berge sal versit en die weg sal baan wanneer dit kom by die besluit oor die regte pad na die internet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Historie\"><\/span>geskiedenis<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Wie ken nog die <a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Modem.mp3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Piep en getjirp<\/a> &#039;n telefoonhandset in die akoestiese koppelaar (<em>Datafoon 21D<\/em>) met 300 .. 2 400 bit\/s of modems (<em>ELSA Microlink 24.4 TQV<\/em>) met 28 800 bit\/s wanneer jy op die internet skakel?<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Akustikkoppler_Modem-1024x375.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5782\" style=\"width:481px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Akustikkoppler_Modem-1024x375.png 1024w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Akustikkoppler_Modem-1536x562.png 1536w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Akustikkoppler_Modem-18x7.png 18w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Akustikkoppler_Modem-300x110.png 300w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Akustikkoppler_Modem-768x281.png 768w, https:\/\/csiag.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Akustikkoppler_Modem.png 1691w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nadat die internetnommer geskakel is, het die akoestiese koppelaar die ander party se akoestiese sein deur die telefoon se luidspreker opgetel met behulp van die ingeboude mikrofoon en dan toonreekse teruggestuur via die akoestiese koppelaar se ingeboude luidspreker en die telefoon se mikrofoon. Die data is dus omgeskakel in akoestiese seine en oorgedra. Gedurende hierdie tyd kon die lyn nie vir telefoonoproepe gebruik word nie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Die modem (<strong>Ma<\/strong>dulator-<strong>Dem<\/strong>Die modulator was via &#039;n geskikte prop in die telefoonsok aan die twee drade van die telefoonkabel gekoppel en het dus direk met die ander kant gekommunikeer deur die data van &#039;n draerfrekwensie by te voeg, dit te moduleer, en inkomende data van die draerfrekwensie af te trek en dit te demoduleer. Dit is teen meer as tien keer die spoed gedoen, tot 56 000 bisse\/s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Met verloop van tyd het moderne tegnologie kragtiger geword, en verbruikers se databehoeftes het gegroei. Webwerwe het voorheen uit blokgrafika en teks bestaan; vandag bestaan hulle uit beelde, video&#039;s en teks. Dus het die behoefte aan bandwydte gegroei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Festnetz-Technologien\"><\/span>Vastelyntegnologie\u00eb<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ISDN\"><\/span>ISDN<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>ISDN<\/em> (Integrated Services Digital Network) het dit moontlik gemaak om twee afsonderlike telefoonlyne en nommers met mekaar te verbind, wat die data-oordragspoed verdubbel het tot 2 x 64 000 bps. As jy tevrede was met een lyn, kon jy oproepe oor die tweede maak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VDSL\"><\/span>(V)DSL<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#039;n Verdere toename is behaal deur <em>DSL<\/em> (Digitale Intekenaarlyn) en weer deur <em>VDSL<\/em> (Baie Ho\u00eb Spoed Digitale Subscriber Line) bereik snelhede van tot 400 Mbit\/s (400 000 000 bit\/s, wat ooreenstem met 6 250 keer vinniger as &#039;n ISDN-kanaal).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kabel\"><\/span>Kabel<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Parallel met bogenoemde ontwikkelings het kabeltelevisie rondom 1980 gewild geword om radio- en televisieprogramme van sogenaamde &quot;oor-die-lug&quot;-seine te voorsien, selfs na plekke wat nie aards goed gele\u00eb was nie. <em>Koaksiaal<\/em>Kabels (\u2019n gesentreerde, enkelkernige, semi-starre koperkern omring deur afskermende foelies of vlegsels) is gebruik. Nadat satelliettelevisie kabeltelevisie vervang het, het kapasiteit beskikbaar geword wat in die toekoms vir internetverbindings gebruik kon word, wat snelhede van tot 1 000 Mbps (gelykstaande aan 1 Gbps) moontlik gemaak het.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Glasfaser\"><\/span>Veseloptiese<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Veseloptiese netwerke vervang geleidelik kabelnetwerke en bied tans snelhede van tot 100 Gbps. Terwyl al die bogenoemde tegnologie\u00eb koperkabels vir transmissie gebruik, stuur hierdie tegnologie lig via veseloptiese kabels oor \u2013 amper teen die spoed van lig. Dit maak aansienlik ho\u00ebr data-deurset moontlik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Internet_unterwegs\"><\/span>Internet onderweg<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"GSM_EDGE_UMTS_LTE_3G_4G_5G\"><\/span>GSM\/EDGE\/UMTS\/LTE 3G, 4G, 5G<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mobiele internet is die eerste keer aan die begin van die eeu bekendgestel met die bekendstelling van GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) <em>RAND<\/em> (Verbeterde Datakoerse vir GSM Evolusie) standaarde met 256 kbit\/s. &#039;n Toename het meegebring <em>UMTS<\/em> (Universele Mobiele Telekommunikasiestelsel) <em>3G<\/em> met 384 kBit\/s vanaf 2007, gevolg deur die uitgebreide <em>UMTS<\/em> standaard <em>HSPA<\/em> met 7.2 Mbit\/s en <em>HSPA+<\/em> met 42 bit\/s. Met LTE (Long Term Evolution) 4G het die data-oordragspoed gestyg tot &#039;n indrukwekkende 300 .. 1 000 Mbit\/s, in <em>5G<\/em> Netwerk met tot 1 500 Mbit\/s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hierdie toegangstegnologie\u00eb is egter slegs beskikbaar indien daar toepaslike selfoondekking is.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"StarLink\"><\/span>StarLink<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">StarLink bied tans verligting in swak of onbediende gebiede of op see via ongeveer 4 000 satelliete op &#039;n hoogte van 540 tot 570 km met snelhede van 150 tot 500 Mbit\/s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sy satelliete bied internettoegang tot feitlik alle streke van die w\u00eareld. Ontvangs vereis egter spesiale antennas wat hulself met die naaste beskikbare satelliet in lyn bring en outomaties opspoor. Antennas vir gebruik in voertuie of op skepe terwyl hulle onderweg is, is groter en staties na die lug gerig.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Leestyd<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 3<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minute<\/span><\/span>DSL, Kabel, Glasfaser, ist das nicht alles Kabel? &#8211; Ein lieber Freund fragte mich letztens, ob ich mir ein Bild mit einem Berg und einem Ochsen vorstellen k\u00f6nne? So f\u00fchle er sich gerade, nachdem ich ihm empfohlen hatte, Kabel statt DSL zu beantragen, um k\u00fcnftig ins Internet zu kommen. Kabel -, wo ist der Unterschied,&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2023\/11\/30\/dsl-kabel-glasfaser-oder-was\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Lees Meer \u00bb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">DSL, kabel, veseloptiese netwerk \u2013 of wat?<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"[\"title\",\"meta\",\"thumbnail\",\"content\",\"tags\",\"comments\"]","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2039,345],"tags":[2703,2704,1702,2708,1604,2702,2705,2700,1549,2707,1366,2710,2706,725,2709,2711,2699,2701],"class_list":["post-5777","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-internet","category-kommunikation-lte","tag-3g","tag-4g","tag-5g","tag-akustikkoppler","tag-dsl","tag-edge","tag-glasfaser","tag-gprs","tag-gsm","tag-isdn","tag-kabel","tag-kabelfernsehen","tag-kupferkabel","tag-lte","tag-modem","tag-starlink","tag-umts","tag-vdsl"],"modified_by":"Achim Goerner","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5777","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5777"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5777\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5777"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5777"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5777"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}