{"id":604,"date":"2021-08-22T01:23:19","date_gmt":"2021-08-22T01:23:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/?p=604"},"modified":"2023-01-21T16:44:31","modified_gmt":"2023-01-21T16:44:31","slug":"internetbasiese-beginsels-vir-dummies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2021\/08\/22\/internet-grundlagen-fuer-dummies\/","title":{"rendered":"Internet Basiese Beginsels vir Dummies"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Inhoudsopgawe<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2021\/08\/22\/internet-grundlagen-fuer-dummies\/#DNS\" >DNS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2021\/08\/22\/internet-grundlagen-fuer-dummies\/#Der_Weg_zum_Ziel\" >Die pad na die doelwit<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Leestyd<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 2<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minute<\/span><\/span>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Die basiese beginsels vir die verstaan van die internet \u2013 kom ons maak asof ons heeltemal dom is\u2026 \u2013 Enigiemand wat Feuerzangenbowle met Heinz R\u00fchmann gesien het, sal vertroud wees met hierdie gesegde rakende die werking van die stoomenjin wat daar bespreek word.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As jy dit nie weet nie, het jy ten minste al van Google gehoor, wat waarskynlik die mees gebruikte soekenjin op die internet vandag is.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Maar hoe werk dit dat as jy <em>google.de<\/em> beland ook op hierdie soekenjin?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Die vergelyking met die goeie ou telefoonboek is beslis gebrekkig, maar dit bied wel &#039;n goeie basis:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In die verlede, as jy na &#039;n vriend se telefoonnommer gesoek het, het jy ten minste die naam en die stad waarin hulle woon, nodig gehad. Dan het jy die telefoonboek vir daardie stad nodig gehad, waar jy na die naam kon soek. Dit het &#039;n area kode gehad wat jy voor die telefoonnommer moes plaas. As die kennis ook M\u00fcller genoem is, was die voornaam ook nuttig. As dit ook &#039;n algemene naam was, sou slegs die kennis van die straat jou help om daardie presiese &quot;M\u00fcller&quot; op te spoor en hul telefoonnommer te vind. En as hulle in &#039;n gedeelde woonstel gewoon het, was die byvoeging ook belangrik, mits die persoon waarna jy gesoek het, natuurlik in Duitsland gewoon het.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Op die internet word land- en areakodes, telefoonnommers en uitbreidingsnommers as &#039;n IP-adres (Internetprotokol) voorgestel. Elk van die vier getalkomponente, geskei deur &#039;n punt, kan waardes van 001 tot 255 aanneem. Byvoorbeeld, Google.de het die adres 008.008.008.008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hierdie adres stem ooreen met die IPv4-standaard en bied &#039;n adresruimte van 4 miljard adresse. Die IPv6-standaard, wat tans steeds parallel werk, maak &#039;n adresruimte van byna &#039;n sekstiljoen (3.4 x 10<sup>38<\/sup>).<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DNS\"><\/span>DNS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Twaalfsyfer-nommerreekse is nie besonder memorabel in vergelyking met name nie. Daarom het die internet ook &#039;n soort telefoongidsdiens, die DNS (Domain Name Server). Hierdie vereis die invoer van die naam <em>Google.de<\/em> in die bogenoemde getalreeks 008.008.008.008, of 8.8.8.8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kom ons kyk watter pad &#039;n soektog neem wanneer iemand in Cuxhaven <em>Google.de<\/em> in die adresbalk van die blaaier op &#039;n rekenaar. Vir hierdie doel is daar die opdrag <em>spoorroete<\/em> (volg die roete) op Mac OS, <em>spoorder<\/em> onder Windows.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Der_Weg_zum_Ziel\"><\/span>Die pad na die doelwit<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>spoorroete 8.8.8.8<\/em> of <em>traceroute google.de<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rekenaar 192.168.1.16 via WLAN -&gt; Roeter (interne DNS; bv. AVM FritzBox) \u2013 192.168.1.1 \u2013 1.068 ms.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Roeteerder -&gt; D \u2013 Kassel \u2013 88,134,189,230 \u2013 12,891 ms<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>-&gt; D \u2013 Kassel \u2013 88,134,192,186 \u2013 13,906 ms<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>-&gt; D \u2013 Darmstadt \u2013 145.254.3.62 \u2013 17,076 ms<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>-&gt; D \u2013 Darmstadt \u2013 145.254.2.215 \u2013 17.146 ms<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>-&gt; VSA \u2013 CA \u2013 Mountain View \u2013 72,14,194,138 \u2013 15,443 ms<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>-&gt; VSA \u2013 KS \u2013 Kansas City \u2013 8.8.8.8 \u2013 18,787 ms<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Die tyd wat benodig word vir hierdie reis oor die helfte van die aardbol, met &#039;n totaal van ses datasentrums betrokke, is &#039;n totaal van 86.37 ms \u2013 &#039;n redelik vinnige reaksie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Leestyd<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 2<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minute<\/span><\/span>Die Grundlagen f\u00fcr das Verst\u00e4ndnis des Internets &#8211; da stellen wir uns mal ganz dumm &#8230; &#8211; Wer die Feuerzangenbowle mit Heinz R\u00fchmann gesehen hat, kennt diesen Ausspruch hinsichtlich der dort behandelten Funktionsweise der Dampfmaschine. Wer sie nicht kennt, hat zumindest von Google, die heute wohl zu der am h\u00e4ufigsten genutzten Suchmaschine im Internet geh\u00f6rt.&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/blog\/2021\/08\/22\/internet-grundlagen-fuer-dummies\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Lees Meer \u00bb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Internet Basiese Beginsels vir Dummies<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[360,364],"tags":[1051,1049,1048,576,1050,1052],"class_list":["post-604","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-haus-und-garten","category-internet-grundlagen-fuer-dummies","tag-dns","tag-grundlagen","tag-internet","tag-ip","tag-ipv6","tag-traceroute"],"modified_by":"Achim Goerner","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/604","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=604"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/604\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=604"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=604"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/af\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=604"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}