{"id":3126,"date":"2023-01-12T10:01:59","date_gmt":"2023-01-12T10:01:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/?p=3126"},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:16:02","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:16:02","slug":"fotovoltaika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/","title":{"rendered":"Fotovoltaika"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_87_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Obsah<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Rechtslage_zum_01012021\" >Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed stav k 1.1.2021<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Vergutung_fur_eingespeisten_Strom\" >Odm\u011bna za elekt\u0159inu dodanou do s\u00edt\u011b<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Auswahl_der_PV-Module\" >V\u00fdb\u011br fotovoltaick\u00fdch modul\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Kleines_Wechselrichter_1%C3%971\" >Mal\u00fd m\u011bni\u010d 1\u00d71<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Technische_Wechselrichter-Details\" >Technick\u00e9 \u00fadaje o m\u011bni\u010di<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Eingangsphasen\" >Vstupn\u00ed f\u00e1ze<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#AC_Nennleistung\" >Jmenovit\u00fd v\u00fdkon AC<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Anzahl_MPP_Tracker\" >Po\u010det sledova\u010d\u016f MPP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#MPP_Bereich\" >Rozsah MPP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Eingangsstrom\" >Vstupn\u00ed proud<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Leerlaufspannung\" >Nap\u011bt\u00ed napr\u00e1zdno<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Wirkungsgrad\" >Efektivita<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Doba \u010dten\u00ed<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minuty<\/span><\/span>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rechtslage_zum_01012021\"><\/span>Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed stav k 1.1.2021<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nov\u00fd z\u00e1kon o obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch energie (EEG) vstoupil v platnost 1. ledna 2021, a to i pro fotovoltaick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee vlastn\u00ed spot\u0159eba star\u00fdch a nov\u00fdch fotovoltaick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f do 30 kWp v\u010detn\u011b je osvobozena od p\u0159\u00edplatku EEG. U vlastn\u00ed spot\u0159eby do 7 kWp nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 instalovat inteligentn\u00ed m\u011b\u0159i\u010de pro sb\u011br dat.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vergutung_fur_eingespeisten_Strom\"><\/span>Odm\u011bna za elekt\u0159inu dodanou do s\u00edt\u011b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00fdkupn\u00ed cena se sni\u017euje s rostouc\u00edm v\u00fdkonem a datem prvn\u00edho uveden\u00ed do provozu. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm v\u00edce syst\u00e9m dod\u00e1v\u00e1 a \u010d\u00edm pozd\u011bji je instalov\u00e1n, t\u00edm ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed je v\u00fdkupn\u00ed cena.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Syst\u00e9my uveden\u00e9 do provozu 1. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2021 budou odm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1ny \u010d\u00e1stkou 0,0725 eura za v\u00fdkon do 10 kWp. P\u0159i cen\u011b 0,30 ... 0,35 eur za kWh vykupovan\u00e9 elekt\u0159iny p\u0159edstavuje odm\u011bna p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 20% z ceny, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 b\u00fdt za vykupovanou elekt\u0159inu zaplacena. Ka\u017ed\u00fd se m\u016f\u017ee s\u00e1m rozhodnout, zda se mu vyplat\u00ed dod\u00e1vat elekt\u0159inu do s\u00edt\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mo\u017en\u00e1 by bylo rozumn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edt kompletn\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/oekonomisches-energiemanagement\/#Zuviel\" rel=\"sponsored nofollow\">Vlastn\u00ed spot\u0159eba<\/a> b\u00fdt.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Auswahl_der_PV-Module\"><\/span>V\u00fdb\u011br fotovoltaick\u00fdch modul\u016f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zat\u00edmco d\u0159\u00edve byly fotovoltaick\u00e9 moduly mnohon\u00e1sobn\u011b dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed a mnohem m\u00e9n\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9, dnes je k dispozici obrovsk\u00e1 \u0161k\u00e1la proveden\u00ed, v\u00fdkon\u016f, \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed atd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Naj\u00edt zlatou st\u0159edn\u00ed cestu nen\u00ed snadn\u00e9, ale lze ji realizovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vyberte si renomovan\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobce, jeho\u017e konstrukce vy\u017eaduje m\u00e1lo modul\u016f, nab\u00edz\u00ed nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enou \u00fa\u010dinnost a co nejv\u00edce se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed po\u017eadovan\u00e9mu v\u00fdkonu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Konstrukce je obvykle obd\u00e9ln\u00edkov\u00e1, ale li\u0161\u00ed se \u0161\u00ed\u0159kou a d\u00e9lkou modul\u016f. P\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru velikosti modulu je proto limituj\u00edc\u00edm faktorem dostupn\u00e1 plocha. Pokud je postaveno n\u011bkolik \u0159ad, je t\u0159eba vz\u00edt v \u00favahu zast\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed modul\u016f za prvn\u00ed \u0159adou. Je t\u0159eba napl\u00e1novat odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost mezi \u0159adami modul\u016f, aby p\u0159i ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm slunci nevrhaly st\u00edn na dal\u0161\u00ed \u0159adu. T\u00edm se minimalizuje u\u017eitn\u00e1 plocha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti lze ur\u010dit pomoc\u00ed softwaru nebo jednodu\u0161eji pomoc\u00ed n\u00e1kresu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K tomu jsou zapot\u0159eb\u00ed tyto \u00fadaje:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Geogr. d\u00e9lka \/ \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka m\u00edsta instalace<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Azimut Slunce p\u0159i zimn\u00edm slunovratu 12:00 h<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V\u00fd\u0161ka horn\u00edho okraje modulu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V\u00fd\u0161kov\u00fd \u00fahel (obvykle 30\u00b0)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dob\u0159e to dokumentuje tato pr\u00e1ce, jej\u00edm\u017e autorem je <a href=\"https:\/\/www.volker-quaschning.de\/downloads\/staffelstein1998_1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dr.-Ing. Volker Quaschning a Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Rolf Hanitsch<\/a>. Jak u\u017e to tak b\u00fdv\u00e1, optim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdsledek je v\u017edy spojen s \u00fasil\u00edm, by\u0165 jen ve smyslu sezn\u00e1men\u00ed se s teoretick\u00fdmi \u00favahami, kter\u00e9 jsou jeho z\u00e1kladem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po ur\u010den\u00ed dan\u00fdch parametr\u016f je dal\u0161\u00edm krokem nalezen\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch modul\u016f. Pro maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkon 7 kW je vhodn\u00fdch 20 modul\u016f po 350 W, kter\u00e9 lze zapojit do dvou \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f po 10 modulech.<br>\u0158et\u011bzec odkazuje na s\u00e9riov\u00e9 propojen\u00ed modul\u016f. P\u0159i p\u0159\u00edkladn\u00e9m nap\u011bt\u00ed MPP (Maximum Power Point) modulu 35 V je vstupn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed st\u0159\u00edda\u010de 350 V DC. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po\u010det mo\u017en\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f z\u00e1vis\u00ed na volb\u011b m\u011bni\u010de. Mal\u00e9 st\u0159\u00edda\u010de maj\u00ed pouze jeden MPP tracker, a proto umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00ed pouze jednoho \u0159et\u011bzce.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kleines_Wechselrichter_1%C3%971\"><\/span>Mal\u00fd m\u011bni\u010d 1\u00d71<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V z\u00e1sad\u011b existuj\u00ed t\u0159i typy st\u0159\u00edda\u010d\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159ipojeny k s\u00edti, mimo s\u00ed\u0165 nebo jsou kombinac\u00ed obou provozn\u00edch re\u017eim\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>S\u00ed\u0165ov\u011b \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9<\/em> St\u0159\u00edda\u010de se synchronizuj\u00ed s frekvenc\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b 50 Hz. Pokud se to v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00fdpadku nap\u00e1jen\u00ed nepoda\u0159\u00ed, p\u0159estanou po dobu v\u00fdpadku nap\u00e1jen\u00ed pracovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Nez\u00e1vislost na s\u00edti<\/em> St\u0159\u00edda\u010de se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v tzv. autonomn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech, tj. nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch fotovoltaick\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech, kter\u00e9 nejsou p\u0159ipojeny k ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 s\u00edti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u011bni\u010de, kter\u00e9 kombinuj\u00ed oba provozn\u00ed re\u017eimy, se ozna\u010duj\u00ed jako <em>Hybridn\u00ed<\/em>-Na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b jsou p\u0159ipojeny k ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 s\u00edti, ale tak\u00e9 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm takzvan\u00fdch MPPT regul\u00e1tor\u016f k bateri\u00edm, kter\u00e9 jsou nab\u00edjeny fotovoltaick\u00fdmi moduly, kter\u00e9 jsou rovn\u011b\u017e p\u0159ipojeny, kdy\u017e sv\u00edt\u00ed slunce. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00fdpadku s\u00edt\u011b hybridn\u00ed st\u0159\u00edda\u010d jednodu\u0161e p\u0159epne na provoz z bateri\u00ed, a t\u00edm udr\u017euje dod\u00e1vku energie v mez\u00edch zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Jakmile je ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 op\u011bt k dispozici, p\u0159epne se na nab\u00edjen\u00ed bateri\u00ed.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Technische_Wechselrichter-Details\"><\/span>Technick\u00e9 \u00fadaje o m\u011bni\u010di<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jako m\u011bni\u010d lze zvolit t\u0159\u00edf\u00e1zov\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, nap\u0159. Kostal Piko IQ 8.5 za necel\u00fdch 2 000 eur. Jednof\u00e1zov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstroje jsou k dispozici pouze do 5 kW, nap\u0159. st\u0159\u00edda\u010d Kostal Piko MP plus 5.0-2 za p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 200 eur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ob\u011b za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed maj\u00ed po dvou sledova\u010d\u00edch MPP (spojen\u00ed dvou \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jak\u00e9 \u00fadaje jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru m\u011bni\u010de?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Eingangsphasen\"><\/span>Vstupn\u00ed f\u00e1ze<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Men\u0161\u00ed st\u0159\u00edda\u010de do cca 5 kW nab\u00edzej\u00ed zpravidla jednu f\u00e1zi, v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed t\u0159i f\u00e1ze. Pro jednof\u00e1zov\u00e9 p\u0159ipojen\u00ed je t\u0159eba t\u0159\u00ed\u017eilov\u00fd kabel na stran\u011b s\u00edt\u011b a pro t\u0159\u00edf\u00e1zov\u00e9 p\u0159ipojen\u00ed p\u011bti\u017eilov\u00fd kabel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"AC_Nennleistung\"><\/span>Jmenovit\u00fd v\u00fdkon AC<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jmenovit\u00fd v\u00fdkon st\u0159\u00eddav\u00e9ho proudu je maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkon st\u0159\u00edda\u010de, a tedy i nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkon fotovoltaiky, kter\u00fd lze instalovat. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee ke st\u0159\u00edda\u010di nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159ipojeno v\u00edce fotovoltaick\u00fdch modul\u016f, ne\u017e je jeho jmenovit\u00fd v\u00fdkon AC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Anzahl_MPP_Tracker\"><\/span>Po\u010det sledova\u010d\u016f MPP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po\u010det sledova\u010d\u016f MPP, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 st\u0159\u00edda\u010d k dispozici, ur\u010duje po\u010det \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f, kter\u00e9 lze p\u0159ipojit. Men\u0161\u00ed st\u0159\u00edda\u010de maj\u00ed obvykle pouze jeden sledova\u010d MPP, v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed maj\u00ed dva nebo v\u00edce. \u010c\u00edm v\u00edce MPP tracker\u016f je instalov\u00e1no, t\u00edm jsou st\u0159\u00edda\u010de dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"MPP_Bereich\"><\/span>Rozsah MPP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zde uveden\u00fd rozsah stejnosm\u011brn\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed definuje maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 stejnosm\u011brn\u00e9 vstupn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed na sledova\u010di MPP. Sou\u010det stejnosm\u011brn\u00fdch nap\u011bt\u00ed v\u0161ech modul\u016f spojen\u00fdch do s\u00e9rie v \u0159et\u011bzci nesm\u00ed p\u0159ekro\u010dit horn\u00ed hranici. Pokud je rozsah zad\u00e1n jako 360 ... 600 V, je nap\u011bt\u00ed MPP fotovoltaick\u00e9ho modulu pops\u00e1no jako 35 V, z \u010deho\u017e vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 600 \/ 35 = 17,14, tj. maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 17 modul\u016f je mo\u017en\u00e9 zapojit do s\u00e9rie jako jeden string.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Eingangsstrom\"><\/span>Vstupn\u00ed proud<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vstupn\u00ed proud ud\u00e1v\u00e1 sou\u010det proud\u016f v\u0161ech \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f, kter\u00fd vznikne sou\u010dtem proud\u016f MPP modulu ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce. Pokud m\u00e1 fotovoltaick\u00fd modul proud MPP 9,92 A a jsou instalov\u00e1ny dva stringy, 9,92 + 9,92 d\u00e1v\u00e1 vstupn\u00ed proud 19,84 A.<br>Za p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee st\u0159\u00edda\u010d zvl\u00e1dne maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 16 A, je t\u0159eba do druh\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce instalovat moduly s maxim\u00e1ln\u00edm proudem MPP 16 - 9,92 = 6,08 A.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Leerlaufspannung\"><\/span>Nap\u011bt\u00ed napr\u00e1zdno<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nap\u011bt\u00ed napr\u00e1zdno fotovoltaick\u00fdch modul\u016f je v\u017edy vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e nap\u011bt\u00ed MPP. Je vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u0159i n\u00edzk\u00fdch venkovn\u00edch teplot\u00e1ch a ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch. Pokud st\u0159\u00edda\u010d ud\u00e1v\u00e1 maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed napr\u00e1zdno nap\u0159. 750 V, nesm\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed napr\u00e1zdno modul\u016f p\u0159ekro\u010dit 750 \/ 17 = 44 V p\u0159i 17 instalovan\u00fdch modulech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Wirkungsgrad\"><\/span>Efektivita<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00da\u010dinnost popisuje \u00fa\u010dinnost, s jakou m\u011bni\u010d p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed vstupn\u00ed stejnosm\u011brn\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed na v\u00fdstupn\u00ed st\u0159\u00eddav\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed. Proto\u017ee se v\u0161ak \u00fa\u010dinnost m\u011bn\u00ed tak\u00e9 s kol\u00edsaj\u00edc\u00ed intenzitou slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, je znalost z\u00e1vislosti na nap\u011bt\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 pro spr\u00e1vn\u00fd n\u00e1vrh. Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed je zpravidla spojeno s vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed.<br>V t\u00e9to souvislosti je proto vyu\u017eit\u00ed horn\u00ed hranice nap\u011bt\u00ed v rozsahu MPP m\u00e9n\u011b efektivn\u00ed. Je proto lep\u0161\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edt konfiguraci s v\u00edce \u0159et\u011bzci, i kdy\u017e to znamen\u00e1 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1klady p\u0159i n\u00e1kupu st\u0159\u00edda\u010de.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Doba \u010dten\u00ed<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minuty<\/span><\/span>Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed stav k 1. 1. 2021 Nov\u00fd z\u00e1kon o obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch energie (EEG) vstoupil v platnost 1. 1. 2021, a to i pro fotovoltaick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee vlastn\u00ed spot\u0159eba ze star\u00fdch a nov\u00fdch fotovoltaick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f do 30 kWp v\u010detn\u011b je osvobozena od p\u0159\u00edplatku EEG. Pro vlastn\u00ed spot\u0159ebu do 7 kWp nen\u00ed t\u0159eba instalovat inteligentn\u00ed m\u011b\u0159i\u010de pro sb\u011br dat.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">\u010c\u00edst d\u00e1le \"<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Fotovoltaika<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[360,365],"tags":[937,928,927,938,940,799,934,941,447,931,939,935,936,932,933,812,930,926,929,741,446,925,529,644],"class_list":["post-3126","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-haus-und-garten","category-photovoltaik-fuer-daheim","tag-batteriebetrieb","tag-eeg-umlage","tag-eigenverbrauch","tag-eingangsphase","tag-eingangsstrom","tag-hybrid-wechselrichter","tag-lastgrenze","tag-leerlaufspannung","tag-leistung","tag-mpp-tracker","tag-nennleistung","tag-netzausfall","tag-netzfrequenz","tag-netzgefuehrt","tag-netzunabhaengig","tag-photovoltaik","tag-pv-modul","tag-rechtslage","tag-smartmeter","tag-string","tag-strom","tag-verguetung","tag-wechselrichter","tag-wirkungsgrad"],"modified_by":"Achim Goerner","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3126","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3126"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3126\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3126"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3126"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3126"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}