{"id":12080,"date":"2026-01-03T17:38:35","date_gmt":"2026-01-03T17:38:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/?p=12080"},"modified":"2026-01-04T18:20:53","modified_gmt":"2026-01-04T18:20:53","slug":"pocd-demencia-alzheimer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/","title":{"rendered":"POCD - Demencia \u00e9s Alzheimer-k\u00f3r"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_87_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Tartalomjegyz\u00e9k<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#POCD\" >POCD<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#Testmethoden\" >Vizsg\u00e1lati m\u00f3dszerek<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#Montreal_Cognitive_Assessment_MoCA\" >Montreali kognit\u00edv felm\u00e9r\u00e9s (MoCA)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#Six_Cognitive_Item_Test_6CIT\" >Hat kognit\u00edv teszt (6CIT)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#Cognitive_Failure_Questionnaire_CFQ\" >Kognit\u00edv kudarc k\u00e9rd\u0151\u00edv (CFQ)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#Einfluss_von_Narkotika_auf_postoperative_POCD\" >A narkotikumok hat\u00e1sa a posztoperat\u00edv POCD-re<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#Demenz_Alzheimer\" >Demencia \u00e9s Alzheimer-k\u00f3r<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Olvas\u00e1si id\u0151<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">percek<\/span><\/span>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mi a k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9g a POCD (<strong>P<\/strong>kelet<strong>o<\/strong>perat\u00edv <strong>C<\/strong>ognitive <strong>D<\/strong>ysfunkci\u00f3), a demencia \u00e9s az Alzheimer-k\u00f3r, \u00e9s mi a jelenlegi orvosi vizsg\u00e1lati helyzet? Ezt az al\u00e1bbiakban r\u00e9szletesen elemezz\u00fck \u00e9s magyar\u00e1zzuk. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Egy tov\u00e1bbi (m\u00e9g folyamatban l\u00e9v\u0151) cikkben az ill\u00f3olajok haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1nak lehet\u0151s\u00e9geit \u00e9s a fent eml\u00edtett klinikai k\u00e9pekre gyakorolt hat\u00e1sukat mutatjuk be. Minden \u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1st f\u00fcggetlen tudom\u00e1nyos vizsg\u00e1latokkal t\u00e1masztunk al\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"POCD\"><\/span>POCD<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A POCD gyakran m\u0171t\u00e9t ut\u00e1n, az altat\u00e1s k\u00f6vetkezt\u00e9ben jelentkezik. Minden koroszt\u00e1ly \u00e9rintett, de f\u0151k\u00e9nt a 60 \u00e9v feletti betegek. H\u00e1rom h\u00f3nappal k\u00e9s\u0151bb m\u00e9g mindig k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 10 % szenved POCD-ben.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c1ltal\u00e1nos eg\u00e9szs\u00e9gi \u00e1llapotukt\u00f3l, \u00e9letkorukt\u00f3l, kor\u00e1bbi betegs\u00e9geikt\u0151l \u00e9s a m\u0171t\u00e9t m\u00e9rt\u00e9k\u00e9t\u0151l, iskolai v\u00e9gzetts\u00e9g\u00fckt\u0151l, de az alkalmazott k\u00e1b\u00edt\u00f3szerekt\u0151l is f\u00fcgg\u0151en \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban egy-egy <a href=\"http:\/\/Cognitive dysfunction 1\u20132 years after non-cardiac surgery in the elderly\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ideiglenes<\/a> A kognit\u00edv funkci\u00f3k (pl. mem\u00f3ria, koncentr\u00e1ci\u00f3, tanul\u00e1si k\u00e9pess\u00e9g) k\u00e1rosod\u00e1sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A POCD el\u0151fordul\u00e1s\u00e1nak kock\u00e1zata a m\u0171t\u00e9t el\u0151tt \u00e9s ut\u00e1n k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 vizsg\u00e1latokkal becs\u00fclhet\u0151 meg. A d\u00f6nt\u0151 t\u00e9nyez\u0151 mindig a m\u0171t\u00e9t EL\u0150TT (m\u0171t\u00e9t el\u0151tt) gy\u0171jt\u00f6tt \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edt\u00f3 adatok rendelkez\u00e9sre \u00e1ll\u00e1sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Statisztikai szempontb\u00f3l <a href=\"http:\/\/Predictors of Cognitive Dysfunction after Major Noncardiac Surgery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">elfoglalt<\/a>, hogy <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>36,6 % a 18-39 \u00e9vesek k\u00f6r\u00e9ben<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>30,4 % a 40-59 \u00e9vesek k\u00f6r\u00e9ben \u00e9s<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>41,4 % a 60 \u00e9v feletti betegek k\u00f6r\u00e9ben.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">POCD-ben szenvedett az elbocs\u00e1t\u00e1skor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tov\u00e1bbi <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aerzteblatt.de\/archiv\/postoperative-kognitive-dysfunktion-2960a89b-577d-4f15-9307-8e9ae082b804\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cikk<\/a> a German Medical Journal 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Testmethoden\"><\/span>Vizsg\u00e1lati m\u00f3dszerek<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El\u0151zetesen egy r\u00f6vid \u00f6sszefoglal\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>MoCA<\/strong> a <strong>legjobb valid\u00e1lt teszt<\/strong> nagy \u00e9rz\u00e9kenys\u00e9g\u0171 POCD-sz\u0171r\u00e9s<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>6CIT<\/strong> haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 <strong>Ultragyors sz\u0171r\u00e9s<\/strong> haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3, de k\u00e9pz\u00e9st ig\u00e9nyel<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>CFQ<\/strong> a <strong>nem megfelel\u0151<\/strong> <strong>objekt\u00edv m\u00e9r\u0151eszk\u00f6zk\u00e9nt<\/strong> a POCD eset\u00e9ben, ink\u00e1bb a szubjekt\u00edv kognit\u00edv panaszok \u00e9s a pszichol\u00f3giai distressz eset\u00e9ben<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A h\u00e1rom vizsg\u00e1lati m\u00f3dszer \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edt\u00e1sa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><strong>Teszt<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Id\u0151tartam<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Pontok<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Megjegyz\u00e9s<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Er\u0151ss\u00e9gek<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Korl\u00e1toz\u00e1sok<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>MoCA<\/strong><\/td><td>10 perc<\/td><td>0-30<\/td><td>Legjobb \u00e9rv\u00e9nyes\u00edtett<\/td><td>Magas \u00e9rz\u00e9kenys\u00e9g (90% az MCI eset\u00e9ben), kimutatja a POCD-t \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos \u00e9s region\u00e1lis \u00e9rz\u00e9stelen\u00edt\u00e9sben.<\/td><td>K\u00e9pz\u00e9st ig\u00e9nyel, hosszabb kivitelez\u00e9s<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>6CIT<\/strong><\/td><td>2 perc<\/td><td>0-28*<\/td><td>Gyors sz\u0171r\u00e9s<\/td><td>Nagyon gyors, j\u00f3l korrel\u00e1l a MoCA-val (r=-0,86).<\/td><td>alacsony megb\u00edzhat\u00f3s\u00e1g val\u00f3s k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt, k\u00e9pz\u00e9s n\u00e9lk\u00fcl<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>CFQ<\/strong><\/td><td>5-10 perc<\/td><td>0-100<\/td><td>Szubjekt\u00edv panaszok<\/td><td>A mindennapi funkci\u00f3kat r\u00f6gz\u00edti, \u00f6nbevall\u00e1s<\/td><td>NEM korrel\u00e1l az objekt\u00edv tesztekkel, ink\u00e1bb a pszichol\u00f3giai distresszt m\u00e9ri.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">*Vigy\u00e1zat - a magasabb pontsz\u00e1mok rosszabb megismer\u00e9si k\u00e9pess\u00e9get jeleznek!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Montreal_Cognitive_Assessment_MoCA\"><\/span>Montreali kognit\u00edv felm\u00e9r\u00e9s (MoCA)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/Nasreddine et al. (2005): &quot;The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: a brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment&quot; - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A teszt le\u00edr\u00e1sa \u00e9s v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1sa<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A MoCA egy <strong>10 perces kognit\u00edv sz\u0171r\u0151eszk\u00f6z<\/strong> maxim\u00e1lis <strong>30 pont<\/strong>.<br>A teszt \u00e9rt\u00e9keli:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>R\u00f6vid t\u00e1v\u00fa mem\u00f3ria<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vizuospatialis k\u00e9szs\u00e9gek (vizuospatialis k\u00e9szs\u00e9gek)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V\u00e9grehajt\u00f3 funkci\u00f3k<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Figyelem \u00e9s munkamem\u00f3ria (figyelem, munkamem\u00f3ria)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nyelv (nyelv)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Orient\u00e1ci\u00f3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Bels\u0151 konzisztencia<\/strong>Cronbach alfa \u00e9rt\u00e9ke 0,83 az eredeti v\u00e1ltozatban.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>26 pontos hat\u00e1r\u00e9rt\u00e9kkel:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>MMSE<\/strong>\u00c9rz\u00e9kenys\u00e9g 18% az MCI kimutat\u00e1s\u00e1ra<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>MoCA<\/strong>\u00c9rz\u00e9kenys\u00e9g 90% az MCI kimutat\u00e1s\u00e1ra<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Enyhe Alzheimer-demencia eset\u00e9n<\/strong>MMSE 78% \u00c9rz\u00e9kenys\u00e9g vs. MoCA 100%<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Specificit\u00e1s<\/strong>MMSE 100%, MoCA 87%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15817019\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15817019\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Preoperat\u00edv vs. 24 \u00f3r\u00e1s posztoperat\u00edv \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos \u00e9rz\u00e9stelen\u00edt\u00e9ssel<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>MMSE: 27,17\u00b11,93 \u2192 26,23\u00b12,77 (p=0,003)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MoCA: 24,32\u00b13,19 \u2192 22,87\u00b13,88 (p=0,000)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Preoperat\u00edv vs. 24 \u00f3r\u00e1s posztoperat\u00edv spinalis \u00e9rz\u00e9stelen\u00edt\u00e9s eset\u00e9n<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>MMSE: Nincs jelent\u0151s k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9g<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MoCA: 24,35\u00b12,84 \u2192 23,13\u00b14,08 (p=0,019)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>POCD el\u0151fordul\u00e1sa<\/strong>: MoCA 32,9% vs. MMSE 15,2% (p=0,018)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Figyelem<\/strong>A MoCA mindk\u00e9t altat\u00e1si csoportban kimutatta a kognit\u00edv hanyatl\u00e1st, az MMSE csak az \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos altat\u00e1si csoportban.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tov\u00e1bbi tanulm\u00e1nyok:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8580134\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A MoCA vs. MMSE \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edt\u00e1sa id\u0151s betegekn\u00e9l kisebb elekt\u00edv m\u0171t\u00e9t ut\u00e1n<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8580134\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A posztoperat\u00edv kognit\u00edv hanyatl\u00e1s \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edt\u00e1sa a Mini-Mental State Examination \u00e9s a Montreali Kognit\u00edv \u00c9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9s seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel kisebb elekt\u00edv m\u0171t\u00e9t ut\u00e1n id\u0151sekn\u00e9l<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10811182\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Az MCI mint a POCD kock\u00e1zati t\u00e9nyez\u0151je a gerincseb\u00e9szetben<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8925052\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A POCD meghat\u00e1roz\u00e1sa a MoCA seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8925052\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Id\u0151sebb seb\u00e9szeti betegek posztoperat\u00edv kognit\u00edv diszfunkci\u00f3ja \u00e9s az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi ell\u00e1t\u00e1s fokozott ig\u00e9nybev\u00e9tele: prospekt\u00edv vizsg\u00e1lat egy fels\u0151-k\u00f6zepes j\u00f6vedelm\u0171 orsz\u00e1gb\u00f3l<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC9764502\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Telefon-MoCA (T-MoCA) a m\u0171t\u00e9t el\u0151tti k\u00f6rnyezetben<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/Wang et al. (2022): &quot;Early Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly Patients after Total Knee Arthroplasty: An Analysis of Risk Factors and Cognitive Functional Levels&quot; - Journal of Healthcare Engineering\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 s\u00falyoss\u00e1g\u00fa POCD kock\u00e1zati t\u00e9nyez\u0151i<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7028034\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">MoCA hat\u00e1r\u00e9rt\u00e9kek a klinikai gyakorlatban<\/a><br><br><strong>a norm\u00e1lis megismer\u00e9shez<\/strong>:<br><strong>\u226526 pont<\/strong>95% \u00c9rz\u00e9kenys\u00e9g<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>az enyhe demencia kiz\u00e1r\u00e1s\u00e1ra<\/strong>:<br><strong>\u226521 pont<\/strong>98% negat\u00edv predikt\u00edv \u00e9rt\u00e9k (NPV)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>kiz\u00e1r\u00e1s eset\u00e9n MCI<\/strong>:<br><strong>\u226526 pont<\/strong>94% NPV<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7028034\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A Montreali Kognit\u00edv \u00c9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9s (MoCA) diagnosztikus pontoss\u00e1ga az id\u0151skori pszichi\u00e1tri\u00e1ban v\u00e9gzett kognit\u00edv sz\u0171r\u00e9s sor\u00e1n: a hat\u00e1r\u00e9rt\u00e9kek meghat\u00e1roz\u00e1sa a klinikai gyakorlatban. Az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9ges kontrollok \u00e1ltal okozott spektrumtorz\u00edt\u00e1s elker\u00fcl\u00e9se<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Six_Cognitive_Item_Test_6CIT\"><\/span>Hat kognit\u00edv teszt (6CIT)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10200246\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A teszt le\u00edr\u00e1sa \u00e9s v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1sa<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A <strong>6CIT<\/strong> (l\u00e1sd m\u00e9g. <strong>Kingshill 2000-es v\u00e1ltozat<\/strong>), amelynek \u00e1tlagos v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1si ideje mind\u00f6ssze 2,05 perc, a maxim\u00e1lis pi-pontsz\u00e1m pedig 28, ami a legrosszabb megismer\u00e9st \u00edrja le, m\u00edg az alacsonyabb \u00e9rt\u00e9kek jobb megismer\u00e9st jelentenek. A teszt \u00e9rt\u00e9keli:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mem\u00f3ria<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Figyelem<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nyelv<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V\u00e9grehajt\u00f3 funkci\u00f3k<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Motoriz\u00e1lt sebess\u00e9g<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Medi\u00e1n pontsz\u00e1mok diagnosztikai csoportonk\u00e9nt<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>SCD (szubjekt\u00edv kognit\u00edv hanyatl\u00e1s)<\/strong> - 2 pont<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>MCI (enyhe kognit\u00edv k\u00e1rosod\u00e1s)<\/strong> - 5 pont<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Demencia<\/strong> - 17 pont<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tov\u00e1bbi tanulm\u00e1nyok:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10200246\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A hat t\u00e9teles kognit\u00edv k\u00e1rosod\u00e1si teszt (6CIT) \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edt\u00e1sa az \u00e1ltal\u00e1nosan haszn\u00e1lt r\u00f6vid kognit\u00edv sz\u0171r\u0151eszk\u00f6z\u00f6kkel egy mem\u00f3riaklinikai popul\u00e1ci\u00f3ban<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24256425\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A 6CIT alkalmass\u00e1ga a demencia sz\u0171r\u0151vizsg\u00e1latak\u00e9nt az alapell\u00e1t\u00e1sban r\u00e9szes\u00fcl\u0151 betegekn\u00e9l<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32342018\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Szem\u00e9lyes gyors kognit\u00edv sz\u0171r\u00e9s a m\u0171t\u00e9t el\u0151tti k\u00f6rnyezetben: a Perioperat\u00edv \u00c9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9si \u00e9s Min\u0151s\u00e9gfejleszt\u00e9si T\u00e1rsas\u00e1g (SPAQI) vizsg\u00e1lati szempontjai \u00e9s aj\u00e1nl\u00e1sai<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cognitive_Failure_Questionnaire_CFQ\"><\/span>Kognit\u00edv kudarc k\u00e9rd\u0151\u00edv (CFQ)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/7126941\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A teszt le\u00edr\u00e1sa \u00e9s az eredeti fejleszt\u00e9s<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A <strong>CFQ<\/strong> egy <strong>\u00f6nbevall\u00e1sos k\u00e9rd\u0151\u00edv<\/strong> 25 k\u00e9rd\u00e9ssel az \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u00e9s, a mem\u00f3ria \u00e9s a motoros funkci\u00f3k hib\u00e1inak \u00e9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9s\u00e9re.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Tulajdons\u00e1gok<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>V\u00e1laszsk\u00e1la<\/strong>0 (\u201eSoha\u201c) - 4 (\u201eNagyon gyakran\u201c)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Teljes pontsz\u00e1mtartom\u00e1ny<\/strong>0-100 (a magasabb \u00e9rt\u00e9kek nagyobb kognit\u00edv k\u00e1rosod\u00e1st jeleznek)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Stabilit\u00e1s<\/strong>Viszonylag stabil hossz\u00fa id\u0151n kereszt\u00fcl (tulajdons\u00e1g, nem \u00e1llapotm\u00e9r\u00e9s)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00d6sszef\u00fcgg\u00e9s a k\u00fcls\u0151 krit\u00e9riumokkal<\/strong>Szignifik\u00e1ns korrel\u00e1ci\u00f3 a h\u00e1zast\u00e1rsak \u00e9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9s\u00e9vel<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00d6sszef\u00fcgg\u00e9s a pszichi\u00e1triai t\u00fcnetekkel<\/strong>Igen (MHQ - Ment\u00e1lis eg\u00e9szs\u00e9gi k\u00e9rd\u0151\u00edv)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az eredm\u00e9ny n\u00e9gy alter\u00fcletet tartalmaz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mem\u00f3ria<\/strong> 0-32 ponttal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Elterelhet\u0151s\u00e9g<\/strong> 0-36 ponttal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hib\u00e1k (hiba)<\/strong> 0-28 ponttal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nevek<\/strong> 0-8 ponttal<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">POCD-t\u00edpusos hat\u00f3k\u00f6r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mem\u00f3ria<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Figyelem<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nyelv<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V\u00e9grehajt\u00f3 funkci\u00f3k<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Motoriz\u00e1lt sebess\u00e9g<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tov\u00e1bbi tanulm\u00e1nyok:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/7126941\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A kognit\u00edv kudarcok k\u00e9rd\u0151\u00edv (CFQ) \u00e9s korrel\u00e1ci\u00f3i<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5140732\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Az endoszk\u00f3pos sinusm\u0171t\u00e9t jav\u00edtja a kognit\u00edv diszfunkci\u00f3t kr\u00f3nikus rhinosinusitisben szenved\u0151 betegekn\u00e9l<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6385821\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Postoperat\u00edv kognit\u00edv diszfunkci\u00f3 a koszor\u00fa\u00e9r-bypass grafting ut\u00e1n<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10685926\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A sz\u00edvbillenty\u0171m\u0171t\u00e9tet k\u00f6vet\u0151 kognit\u00edv tr\u00e9ning tizenk\u00e9t h\u00f3napos k\u00f6vet\u00e9si hat\u00e1sa a kognit\u00edv funkci\u00f3kra \u00e9s az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9ggel kapcsolatos \u00e9letmin\u0151s\u00e9gre: randomiz\u00e1lt klinikai vizsg\u00e1lat.<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10044453\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A kognit\u00edv kudarcok k\u00e9rd\u0151\u00edv faktorszerkezet\u00e9nek \u00e9s konstruktum-\u00e9rv\u00e9nyess\u00e9g\u00e9nek fel\u00fclvizsg\u00e1lata<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/10579381\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A kognit\u00edv kudarcok k\u00e9rd\u0151\u00edve a pszichi\u00e1tri\u00e1ban<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Einfluss_von_Narkotika_auf_postoperative_POCD\"><\/span>A narkotikumok hat\u00e1sa a posztoperat\u00edv POCD-re<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az intrav\u00e9n\u00e1san alkalmazott <em>Propofol<\/em> e szerint <a href=\"http:\/\/Postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Possible neuronal mechanisms and practical consequences for clinical routine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tanulm\u00e1ny<\/a> a del\u00edrium \u00e9s a POCD alacsonyabb el\u0151fordul\u00e1sa a sevoflur\u00e1nnal v\u00e9gzett inhal\u00e1ci\u00f3s aneszt\u00e9zi\u00e1hoz k\u00e9pest. A tanulm\u00e1ny csak fizet\u0151s v\u00e1ltozatban \u00e9rhet\u0151 el a <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00101-012-2024-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Teljes sz\u00f6veg<\/a> kor\u00e1bban.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A POCD el\u0151fordul\u00e1sa magasabb volt sevoflur\u00e1n (57,1%), mint propofol (32,3%) eset\u00e9n, \u00e9s a del\u00edrium el\u0151fordul\u00e1sa is magasabb volt sevoflur\u00e1n eset\u00e9n (34,2%), mint propofol eset\u00e9n (csak 8,8%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Demenz_Alzheimer\"><\/span>Demencia \u00e9s Alzheimer-k\u00f3r<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00edg a demencia egy szindr\u00f3ma, \u00e9s t\u00fcneteket \u00edr le. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nia.nih.gov\/health\/alzheimers-and-dementia\/alzheimers-disease-fact-sheet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Alzheimer-k\u00f3r<\/a> a betegs\u00e9g, ezeknek a t\u00fcneteknek a konkr\u00e9t oka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A demencia a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151kre oszthat\u00f3 (<a href=\"http:\/\/Relative frequencies of Alzheimer disease, Lewy body, vascular and frontotemporal dementia, and hippocampal sclerosis in the State of Florida Brain Bank\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Frekvencia<\/a>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Alzheimer-k\u00f3r<\/strong> - (77%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lewy-testes demencia (LBD)<\/strong> - (26%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vaszkul\u00e1ris demencia (VaD)<\/strong> - (18%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hippokampusz szkler\u00f3zis (HS)<\/strong> - (13%) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Frontotempor\u00e1lis demencia (FTD)<\/strong> - (5%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vegyes demencia<\/strong><br>Egyidej\u0171 Alzheimer-k\u00f3r LBD-betegekn\u00e9l - (66%)<br>Egyidej\u0171 Alzheimer-k\u00f3r a VaD betegekn\u00e9l - (77%)<br>Egyidej\u0171 Alzheimer-k\u00f3r HS betegekn\u00e9l - (66%)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A jelenlegi ismeretek szerint (01.2026) a demencia minden form\u00e1ja gy\u00f3gy\u00edthatatlannak tekinthet\u0151. Csak a progresszi\u00f3 lass\u00edthat\u00f3. Az ismert gy\u00f3gyszerek mellett <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC12131090\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">egy m\u00e1sik 138 kutatott<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A megel\u0151z\u00e9s szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l a magasabb iskolai v\u00e9gzetts\u00e9g, a fizikai aktivit\u00e1s, a j\u00f3 megk\u00fczd\u00e9si k\u00e9szs\u00e9gek \u00e9s az er\u0151s szoci\u00e1lis h\u00e1l\u00f3 bizony\u00edtottan pozit\u00edv hat\u00e1ssal van a demencia kock\u00e1zati t\u00e9nyez\u0151inek cs\u00f6kkent\u00e9s\u00e9re.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tov\u00e1bbi tanulm\u00e1nyok:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">... folytat\u00f3dik ...<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Olvas\u00e1si id\u0151<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">percek<\/span><\/span>Was sind die Unterschiede zwischen POCD (Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction), Demenz und Alzheimer und wie ist die aktuelle, medizinische Studienlage? Dies soll nachfolgend untersucht und detailliert dargelegt werden. In einem weiteren Beitrag (noch in Bearbeitung) werden M\u00f6glichkeiten der Anwendung \u00c4therischer \u00d6le und deren Wirkung auf o.g. Krankheitsbilder aufgezeigt. Alle Aussagen werden mittels unabh\u00e4ngiger wissenschaftlicher Studien belegt.&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Olvass tov\u00e1bb \"<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">POCD - Demencia \u00e9s Alzheimer-k\u00f3r<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12080","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"modified_by":"Achim Goerner","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12080","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12080"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12080\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12080"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12080"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12080"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}