{"id":12436,"date":"2026-01-25T13:10:33","date_gmt":"2026-01-25T13:10:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/?p=12436"},"modified":"2026-01-25T14:26:09","modified_gmt":"2026-01-25T14:26:09","slug":"soetetmezos-mikroszkopia-dfm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00f6t\u00e9tmez\u0151s mikroszk\u00f3pia (DFM)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_86 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Tartalomjegyz\u00e9k<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/#Historie\" >T\u00f6rt\u00e9nelem<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/#Studien_uber_wissenschaftlich_anerkannten_Einsatz_der_Dunkelfeld-Mikrokopie\" >Tanulm\u00e1nyok a s\u00f6t\u00e9tmez\u0151-mikroszk\u00f3pia tudom\u00e1nyosan elismert alkalmaz\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/#Syphilis-Diagnostik_Primar-Syphilis\" >Szifilisz diagnosztika (primer szifilisz)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/#Molekulare_vs_Dunkelfeldmikroskopie_bei_Syphilis\" >Molekul\u00e1ris vs. s\u00f6t\u00e9tmez\u0151s mikroszk\u00f3pia a szifiliszben<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/#Malaria-Detektion_durch_Dunkelfeldmikroskopie\" >Mal\u00e1ria kimutat\u00e1sa s\u00f6t\u00e9tmez\u0151s mikroszk\u00f3pi\u00e1val<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/#Leptospirose-Diagnostik\" >Leptospir\u00f3zis diagnosztika<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/#Campylobacter-Enteritis_Diagnostik\" >Campylobacter enteritis diagnosztika<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/#Bakterielle_Flagellen-Visualisierung\" >Bakteri\u00e1lis flagell\u00e1k vizualiz\u00e1ci\u00f3ja<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/#Blutgefas-Visualisierung_in_der_Pathologie\" >V\u00e9rerek vizualiz\u00e1ci\u00f3ja a patol\u00f3gi\u00e1ban<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/#Hautmikrozirkulation_mit_Sidestream_Dark_Field_Imaging\" >B\u0151r mikrocirkul\u00e1ci\u00f3 Sidestream Dark Field Imaging seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/#Dunkelfeldmikroskopie_nach_Enderlein\" >S\u00f6t\u00e9tmez\u0151-mikroszk\u00f3pia Enderlein szerint<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/#Die_Hypothese_%E2%80%A6\" >A hipot\u00e9zis ...<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/#und_der_Widerspruch\" >\u00e9s az ellentmond\u00e1s<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/#Therapeutischer_Ansatz_von_Enderlein\" >Enderlein ter\u00e1pi\u00e1s megk\u00f6zel\u00edt\u00e9se<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/#Sanum-Therapie\" >Sanum ter\u00e1pia<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/#Registrierung_gem_AMG\" >Regisztr\u00e1ci\u00f3 az AMG szerint<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/#Qualitatskontrollpflicht\" >Min\u0151s\u00e9gellen\u0151rz\u00e9si k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9g<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/#Nebenwirkungen\" >Mell\u00e9khat\u00e1sok<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Olvas\u00e1si id\u0151<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">percek<\/span><\/span>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A DFM a v\u00e9rkomponensek \u00e9s mikroorganizmusok elemz\u00e9s\u00e9re szolg\u00e1l\u00f3 technika, amely a 17. sz\u00e1zad \u00f3ta ismert.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Klinikailag a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k diagnosztiz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ra haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k <em>Spirochetes<\/em> (gram-negat\u00edv, spir\u00e1lis alak\u00fa, akt\u00edvan mozg\u00f3 <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC274447\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bakt\u00e9riumok<\/a>, hogyan <em>Leptospires<\/em>, <em>Trepon\u00e9m\u00e1k<\/em>) \u00e9s Plasmodium fajok (<a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC272731\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mal\u00e1ria parazit\u00e1k<\/a>), valamint a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/19\/21\/4652\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">E.coli<\/a> a v\u00edzmint\u00e1kban \u00e9s a mal\u00e1ria k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3j\u00e1ban.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Egy m\u00e1sik alkalmaz\u00e1s, amely tudom\u00e1nyosan nem tarthat\u00f3, az \u00fan. <em>Vit\u00e1lis v\u00e9rvizsg\u00e1lat \/ s\u00f6t\u00e9tmez\u0151s mikroszk\u00f3pia Enderlein szerint<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A k\u00f6vetkez\u0151kben a DFM t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9t, a tudom\u00e1nyosan, tanulm\u00e1nyokkal igazolt alkalmaz\u00e1si ter\u00fcleteket, valamint Enderlein elm\u00e9let\u00e9t mutatjuk be. <em>Pleomorfizmus<\/em> \u00e9s kapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3 inform\u00e1ci\u00f3k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Historie\"><\/span>T\u00f6rt\u00e9nelem<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Antoni van Leeuwenhoek<\/em> (1632 - 1723, holland term\u00e9szettud\u00f3s \u00e9s a legjelent\u0151sebb mikroszk\u00f3pikus), <em>Robert Hooke<\/em> (1635 - 1703, angol polihisztor) \u00e9s <em>Christiaan Huygens<\/em> (1629 - 1695, holland csillag\u00e1sz, matematikus \u00e9s fizikus) m\u00e1r haszn\u00e1lta a DFM-et.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az id\u0151k folyam\u00e1n az optika \u00e9s a technik\u00e1k tov\u00e1bb fejl\u0151dtek, \u00edgy a DFM ma m\u00e1r sztere\u00f3 \u00e9s p\u00e1szt\u00e1z\u00f3 elektronmikroszk\u00f3pia sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra is el\u00e9rhet\u0151.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A norm\u00e1l mikroszk\u00f3pi\u00e1hoz k\u00e9pest (<em>F\u00e9nyes mez\u0151<\/em>mikroszk\u00f3pia), ahol a vizsg\u00e1land\u00f3 t\u00e1rgy vil\u00e1gos h\u00e1tt\u00e9r el\u0151tt helyezkedik el, a DFM-et \u00e1tl\u00e1tsz\u00f3 t\u00e1rgyak - bele\u00e9rtve az \u00e9l\u0151 t\u00e1rgyakat is - s\u00f6t\u00e9t h\u00e1tt\u00e9r el\u0151tt t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151, kontrasztos (sz\u00ednez\u00e9si technik\u00e1k alkalmaz\u00e1sa n\u00e9lk\u00fcli) k\u00e9palkot\u00e1s\u00e1ra haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A lencs\u00e9n kereszt\u00fcl csak a t\u00e1rgy \u00e1ltal elt\u00e9r\u00edtett vagy sz\u00f3rt f\u00e9ny jut el a n\u00e9z\u0151 szem\u00e9be, \u00edgy a legkisebb r\u00e9szecsk\u00e9k is l\u00e1that\u00f3v\u00e1 v\u00e1lnak. Ennek el\u0151felt\u00e9tele a teljesen tiszta t\u00e1rgylemez, hogy elker\u00fclhet\u0151 legyen a szennyez\u0151d\u00e9sek okozta f\u00e9nysz\u00f3r\u00e1s \u00e9s ez\u00e1ltal a t\u00e9nylegesen megtekintett t\u00e1rgy torzul\u00e1sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Studien_uber_wissenschaftlich_anerkannten_Einsatz_der_Dunkelfeld-Mikrokopie\"><\/span>Tanulm\u00e1nyok a s\u00f6t\u00e9tmez\u0151-mikroszk\u00f3pia tudom\u00e1nyosan elismert alkalmaz\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Syphilis-Diagnostik_Primar-Syphilis\"><\/span><strong>Szifilisz diagnosztika (primer szifilisz)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33268187\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hasznos-e m\u00e9g a s\u00f6t\u00e9tmez\u0151s mikroszk\u00f3pia a 21. sz\u00e1zadban az els\u0151dleges szifiliszdiagnosztik\u00e1ban?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A 806 mint\u00e1b\u00f3l 53,2% (429) volt pozit\u00edv DFM-re. A 429 beteg k\u00f6z\u00fcl 48%-nek negat\u00edv volt a szerol\u00f3giai tesztje, ami azt jelzi, hogy <em>DFM<\/em> egy <em>Korai felismer\u00e9s<\/em> m\u00e9g mindig lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi <em>miel\u0151tt a szerol\u00f3giai tesztek pozit\u00edvv\u00e1 v\u00e1ln\u00e1nak<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Molekulare_vs_Dunkelfeldmikroskopie_bei_Syphilis\"><\/span><strong>Molekul\u00e1ris vs. s\u00f6t\u00e9tmez\u0151s mikroszk\u00f3pia a szifiliszben<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7312206\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A Treponema pallidum pallidum alfaj\u00e1nak molekul\u00e1ris \u00e9s k\u00f6zvetlen kimutat\u00e1si tesztjei: Treponleum Treumaleum-palumeum-palumena faj: A szakirodalom \u00e1ttekint\u00e9se, 1964-2017<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A primer szifiliszes betegek eset\u00e9ben a DFM \u00e9rz\u00e9kenys\u00e9ge \u00e9s specificit\u00e1sa a klinikai diagn\u00f3zishoz \u00e9s a laborat\u00f3riumi leletekhez k\u00e9pest 75-100%, illetve 94-100% volt. M\u00e1sodlagos szifiliszben az \u00e9rz\u00e9kenys\u00e9g 58-71% volt, 100% specificit\u00e1ssal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Malaria-Detektion_durch_Dunkelfeldmikroskopie\"><\/span><strong>Mal\u00e1ria kimutat\u00e1sa s\u00f6t\u00e9tmez\u0151s mikroszk\u00f3pi\u00e1val<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/jcm.17.5.717-721.1983\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">S\u00f6t\u00e9tmez\u0151s mikroszk\u00f3pia a mal\u00e1ria kimutat\u00e1s\u00e1ra festetlen v\u00e9rfilmeken<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 <em>Plasmodium fajok<\/em> a pigment f\u00e9nysz\u00f3r\u00e1st mutat, amikor a v\u00e9rkeneteket DFM seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel vizsg\u00e1lj\u00e1k. A technika a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151ket k\u00edn\u00e1lja <em>A gyors diagn\u00f3zis el\u0151nyei, fokozott \u00e9rz\u00e9kenys\u00e9g<\/em> \u00e9s <em>Alkalmazkod\u00f3k\u00e9pess\u00e9g<\/em> terepmunk\u00e1hoz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Leptospirose-Diagnostik\"><\/span><strong>Leptospir\u00f3zis diagnosztika<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26068347\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A s\u00f6t\u00e9tmez\u0151s mikroszk\u00f3pia, a teny\u00e9szt\u00e9s \u00e9s a kereskedelmi szerol\u00f3giai k\u00e9szletek \u00e9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9se a leptospir\u00f3zis diagn\u00f3zis\u00e1ban<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A klinikai mint\u00e1k egyike sem mutatott pozitivit\u00e1st a DFM \u00e1ltal. A tanulm\u00e1ny arra a k\u00f6vetkeztet\u00e9sre jutott, hogy a DFM \u00e9s a kult\u00fara <em>korl\u00e1tozott el\u0151ny<\/em> <em>a  c\u00edmen<\/em> a <em>A leptospir\u00f3zis diagn\u00f3zisa<\/em> a szerol\u00f3gia tov\u00e1bbra is a f\u0151 t\u00e1masz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Campylobacter-Enteritis_Diagnostik\"><\/span><strong>Campylobacter enteritis diagnosztika<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/jcm.15.1.61-63.1982\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Emberi sz\u00e9klet s\u00f6t\u00e9tmez\u0151s mikroszk\u00f3pi\u00e1ja a Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni enteritis felt\u00e9telezett diagn\u00f3zis\u00e1ra<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1377 sz\u00e9kletminta eset\u00e9ben a Campylobacter-motilit\u00e1s megfigyel\u00e9s\u00e9nek \u00e9rz\u00e9kenys\u00e9ge, specificit\u00e1sa \u00e9s predikt\u00edv \u00e9rt\u00e9ke 36%, 99% \u00e9s 62% volt. A <em>\u00c9rz\u00e9kenys\u00e9g <\/em>volt<em> legmagasabb<\/em>, amikor a mint\u00e1k <em>2 \u00f3r\u00e1n bel\u00fcl<\/em> (50%), mint 2 \u00f3ra eltelt\u00e9vel (28%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bakterielle_Flagellen-Visualisierung\"><\/span><strong>Bakteri\u00e1lis flagell\u00e1k vizualiz\u00e1ci\u00f3ja<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC274447\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A bakteri\u00e1lis flagell\u00e1ci\u00f3 vizsg\u00e1lata s\u00f6t\u00e9tmez\u0151s mikroszk\u00f3pi\u00e1val<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00f3dszer a festetlen bakteri\u00e1lis anyagok vizualiz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ra <em>Flagell\u00e1k<\/em> a DFM \u00edrja le. Mivel az egyes sz\u00e1lak l\u00e1that\u00f3ak, egy olyan nemzets\u00e9g, mint a <em>Szalmonella<\/em> (peritrichously flagellated) k\u00f6nnyen megk\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6ztethet\u0151k a pol\u00e1ris flagell\u00e1lt nemzets\u00e9gekt\u0151l, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a <em>Pseudomonas<\/em> megk\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6ztethet\u0151k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Blutgefas-Visualisierung_in_der_Pathologie\"><\/span><strong>V\u00e9rerek vizualiz\u00e1ci\u00f3ja a patol\u00f3gi\u00e1ban<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7341069\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A s\u00f6t\u00e9tmez\u0151s mikroszk\u00f3pia jav\u00edtja a CD31 endot\u00e9lfest\u00e9s l\u00e1that\u00f3s\u00e1g\u00e1t<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A l\u00e1that\u00f3s\u00e1g a <em>Peroxid\u00e1z-induk\u00e1lt DAB feh\u00e9rje kicsap\u00f3d\u00e1s<\/em> a DFM-technik\u00e1val feler\u0151s\u00edthet\u0151, mivel k\u00e9pes a f\u00e9nyt sz\u00f3rni, \u00edgy k\u00f6nnyen kimutathat\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hautmikrozirkulation_mit_Sidestream_Dark_Field_Imaging\"><\/span><strong>B\u0151r mikrocirkul\u00e1ci\u00f3 Sidestream Dark Field Imaging seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20972572\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sidestream dark field imaging: a b\u0151r mikrocirkul\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1nak val\u00f3s idej\u0171 vizualiz\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1nak fejl\u0151d\u00e9se \u00e9s lehets\u00e9ges alkalmaz\u00e1sa a b\u0151rgy\u00f3gy\u00e1szatban<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Sidestream s\u00f6t\u00e9t mez\u0151<\/em> (SDF) k\u00e9palkot\u00e1s a leg\u00fajabb eszk\u00f6z a <em>Mikrocirkul\u00e1ci\u00f3s kutat\u00e1s<\/em>. Egyszer\u0171 \u00e9s nem invaz\u00edv k\u00e9palkot\u00f3 technik\u00e1t jelent, alacsony k\u00f6lts\u00e9gekkel, <em>j\u00f3 hordozhat\u00f3s\u00e1g \u00e9s nagy \u00e9rz\u00e9kenys\u00e9g <\/em>amely finom, j\u00f3l defini\u00e1lt k\u00e9peket biztos\u00edt<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dunkelfeldmikroskopie_nach_Enderlein\"><\/span>S\u00f6t\u00e9tmez\u0151-mikroszk\u00f3pia Enderlein szerint<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Die_Hypothese_%E2%80%A6\"><\/span>A hipot\u00e9zis ...<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>G\u00fcnther Enderlein<\/em> (1872 - 1968, n\u00e9met zool\u00f3gus \u00e9s entomol\u00f3gus) t\u00f6bb mint 500 cikket publik\u00e1lt a rovarkutat\u00e1sr\u00f3l, \u00e9s nemzetk\u00f6zi elismer\u00e9st szerzett.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Antoine B\u00e9champ (1816 - 1908, francia k\u00e9mikus, orvos \u00e9s gy\u00f3gyszer\u00e9sz) kor\u00e1bban m\u00e1r kidolgozta a <em>Fleomorfizmus<\/em>(sokf\u00e9les\u00e9g). Az volt az elk\u00e9pzel\u00e9se, hogy minden \u00e1llati \u00e9s n\u00f6v\u00e9nyi sejt apr\u00f3 szemcs\u00e9ket (mikrozimeket) tartalmaz, amelyekb\u0151l bizonyos k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3 bakt\u00e9riumok fejl\u0151dhetnek ki.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az els\u0151 vil\u00e1gh\u00e1bor\u00fa alatt Enderlein felvette ezt a hipot\u00e9zist. A bakt\u00e9riumokkal kapcsolatos \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edt\u00f3 morfol\u00f3giai vizsg\u00e1latok 1925-ben a bakteriol\u00f3giai f\u0151 m\u0171v\u00e9nek publik\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1hoz vezettek. <em>Bactieria cyclogeny<\/em> mint egy erre \u00e9p\u00fcl\u0151 \u00faj bakt\u00e9riumoszt\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s meghat\u00e1roz\u00e1s\u00e1ra tett k\u00eds\u00e9rlet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Enderlein azon elk\u00e9pzel\u00e9se alapj\u00e1n, hogy a parazit\u00e1k, v\u00edrusok \u00e9s bakt\u00e9riumok, valamint azok tov\u00e1bbi fejl\u0151d\u00e9se a v\u00e9r pH-\u00e9rt\u00e9k\u00e9t\u0151l f\u00fcgg, megalap\u00edtotta az \u00fan. <em>A bakt\u00e9riumok ciklogenit\u00e1sa<\/em> (pH-f\u00fcgg\u0151 v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s a bakt\u00e9riumok alakj\u00e1ban). A teljes fejl\u0151d\u00e9si folyamatot a \u201eciklus\u201c kifejez\u00e9ssel jel\u00f6lte meg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"und_der_Widerspruch\"><\/span>\u00e9s az ellentmond\u00e1s<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Enderlein hipot\u00e9zis\u00e9t m\u00e1r \u00e9let\u00e9ben megc\u00e1folt\u00e1k. \u00cdgy 1931-ben a <em>Emmy Klieneberger <\/em>(1892 - 1985, n\u00e9met-brit mikrobiol\u00f3gus - a bakt\u00e9rium t\u00e1rsfelfedez\u0151je. <em>Mycoplasma<\/em>) .<br>Azt \u00edrta: <br><br>\u201e<em>G. Enderlein a bakt\u00e9riumok fejl\u0151d\u00e9si ciklus\u00e1nak szisztematikus modellj\u00e9t \u00e9p\u00edtette fel, amely nem val\u00f3s megfigyel\u00e9seken, hanem ink\u00e1bb elm\u00e9leti spekul\u00e1ci\u00f3kon alapul. Enderlein spekul\u00e1ci\u00f3it ez\u00e9rt teljes m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben el kell utas\u00edtani, mivel azok minden val\u00f3s\u00e1galapot n\u00e9lk\u00fcl\u00f6znek.<\/em>\u201e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Ferdinand Cohn<\/em> (1828 - 1898, n\u00e9met bakteriol\u00f3gus \u00e9s botanikus - a bakt\u00e9riumok endosp\u00f3r\u00e1inak felfedez\u0151je) a modern bakteriol\u00f3gia \u00e9s a bakt\u00e9riumok szisztematikus oszt\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s\u00e1nak megalap\u00edt\u00f3jak\u00e9nt tartj\u00e1k sz\u00e1mon 1870 k\u00f6r\u00fcl. <em>Monof\u00f3rizmus<\/em>, a <em>Louis Pasteur<\/em> (1822 - 1895, francia biok\u00e9mikus, k\u00e9mikus, mikrobiol\u00f3gus \u00e9s fizikus) \u00e9s <em>Robert Koch<\/em> (1843 - 1910, n\u00e9met bakteriol\u00f3gus \u00e9s orvos) ma is \u00e9rv\u00e9nyesek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Therapeutischer_Ansatz_von_Enderlein\"><\/span>Enderlein ter\u00e1pi\u00e1s megk\u00f6zel\u00edt\u00e9se<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Enderlein a homeop\u00e1ti\u00e1hoz hasonl\u00f3an \u201ehasonl\u00f3t hasonl\u00f3val\u201c (simile-elv), \u00fagynevezett izop\u00e1ti\u00e1s gy\u00f3gym\u00f3dokk\u00e9nt fejlesztette ki a gy\u00f3gy\u00edt\u00f3 k\u00e9sz\u00edtm\u00e9nyeket, amelyek c\u00e9lja a k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3k \u00e1ltal okozott betegs\u00e9gek gy\u00f3gy\u00edt\u00e1sa azonos k\u00f3rokoz\u00f3 felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1val.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sanum-Therapie\"><\/span>Sanum ter\u00e1pia<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1933-ban megalap\u00edtotta a SANUM-ot, amely ma m\u00e1r a <em>Sanum Kehlbeck<\/em> keresked\u00e9s. A ter\u00e1pi\u00e1s form\u00e1j\u00e1t \u00fagy h\u00edvta. <em>Sanum ter\u00e1pia<\/em>.<br>A v\u00e1llalat <a href=\"https:\/\/sanum.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sanum-Kehlbeck<\/a> forgalmazza a homeop\u00e1ti\u00e1s elvek szerint el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edtott k\u00e9sz\u00edtm\u00e9nyeket D3 - D7 potenci\u00e1kban (decim\u00e1lis h\u00edg\u00edt\u00e1sok; D7 = 1:10 000 000, ami 1 r\u00e9sz kiindul\u00e1si anyag 99 999 999 r\u00e9sz v\u00edzhez\/alkoholhoz), amelyek az uni\u00f3s jog szerint hat\u00e1soss\u00e1gi igazol\u00e1s n\u00e9lk\u00fcl forgalmazhat\u00f3k, bele\u00e9rtve az injekci\u00f3s ampull\u00e1kat is, amelyek szint\u00e9n nem rendelkeznek a n\u00e9met gy\u00f3gyszert\u00f6rv\u00e9ny (AMG) szerinti forgalomba hozatali enged\u00e9llyel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Registrierung_gem_AMG\"><\/span>Regisztr\u00e1ci\u00f3 az AMG szerint<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Minden k\u00e9sz\u00edtm\u00e9ny csak a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 m\u00f3don \u00e1ll rendelkez\u00e9sre <a href=\"https:\/\/dejure.org\/gesetze\/AMG\/38.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 38 AMG<\/a> regisztr\u00e1lt, azaz a gy\u00e1rt\u00f3 nem k\u00f6veteli meg sem a ter\u00e1pi\u00e1s hat\u00e9konys\u00e1g igazol\u00e1s\u00e1t, sem az indik\u00e1ci\u00f3k (alkalmaz\u00e1si ter\u00fcletek) felt\u00fcntet\u00e9s\u00e9t. A k\u00e9sz\u00edtm\u00e9nyeken ez\u00e9rt fel kell t\u00fcntetni a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 impresszumot<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201eRegisztr\u00e1lt homeop\u00e1ti\u00e1s gy\u00f3gyszer, <br> ez\u00e9rt ter\u00e1pi\u00e1s indik\u00e1ci\u00f3 megjel\u00f6l\u00e9se n\u00e9lk\u00fcl\u201c<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">viselet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Qualitatskontrollpflicht\"><\/span>Min\u0151s\u00e9gellen\u0151rz\u00e9si k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9g<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A gy\u00e1rt\u00f3 felel\u0151s a min\u0151s\u00e9gellen\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9rt. 2023-ban a Sanum m\u00e1rcius 28-\u00e1n, \u00e1prilis 6-\u00e1n \u00e9s \u00e1prilis 14-\u00e9n k\u00e9nytelen volt le\u00e1ll\u00edtani k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 injekci\u00f3s oldatokat l\u00e1that\u00f3 r\u00e9szecsk\u00e9kkel val\u00f3 szennyez\u0151d\u00e9s miatt. <a href=\"https:\/\/sanum.com\/service\/aktuelles\/detail\/chargenrueckruf-28032023-06042023-14042023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">visszah\u00edv\u00e1s<\/a>. A nyilv\u00e1nos bejelent\u00e9sre 2023.04.17-\u00e9n ker\u00fclt sor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nebenwirkungen\"><\/span>Mell\u00e9khat\u00e1sok<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mivel azonban nincs bizony\u00edt\u00e9k a ter\u00e1pi\u00e1s hat\u00e1sokra (2026.01.01-t\u0151l), k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 mell\u00e9khat\u00e1sokat azonos\u00edtottak:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>70 \u00e9ves n\u0151, aki 6 h\u00f3napig szedte a Notakehl D4-et (napi 3\u00d71 kapszula), akut interstiti\u00e1lis nephritis alakult ki n\u00e1la veseel\u00e9gtelens\u00e9ggel (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aerzteblatt.de\/nachrichten\/49491\/Penicillin-Allergie-auf-homoeopathische-Arzneimittel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Forr\u00e1s<\/a>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>39 \u00e9ves n\u0151 albuminuri\u00e1val, haematuri\u00e1val \u00e9s l\u00e1zzal Notakehl alkalmaz\u00e1s\u00e1t k\u00f6vet\u0151en (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bfarm.de\/SharedDocs\/Downloads\/DE\/Arzneimittel\/Pharmakovigilanz\/Risikoinformationen\/RisikoBewVerf\/m-r\/penicilliumhaltige-am-anhoerung.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Forr\u00e1s<\/a>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tov\u00e1bbi t\u00fcd\u0151reakci\u00f3k gyan\u00faja a Mucokehl D5, Nigersan D5 \u00e9s Notakehl D7 szed\u00e9s\u00e9t k\u00f6vet\u0151en (forr\u00e1s: mint kor\u00e1bban).<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Olvas\u00e1si id\u0151<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">percek<\/span><\/span>Die DFM ist eine seit dem 17. Jahrhundert bekannte Technik der Untersuchung von Blutbestandteilen und Kleinlebewesen. Sie wird klinisch zur Diagnostik von Spiroch\u00e4ten (gramnegative, wendelf\u00f6rmige, sich aktiv bewegende Bakterien, wie Leptospiren, Treponemen) und Plasmodium-Arten (Malaria-Parasiten), sowie zur Detektion von E.coli in Wasserproben und des Malaria-Errregers angewandt. Eine andere, wissenschaftlich jedoch nicht haltbare Anwendung, ist die&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/dunkelfeldmikroskopie-dfm\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Olvass tov\u00e1bb \"<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">S\u00f6t\u00e9tmez\u0151s mikroszk\u00f3pia (DFM)<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12436","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"modified_by":"Achim Goerner","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12436","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12436"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12436\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12436"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12436"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12436"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}