{"id":3126,"date":"2023-01-12T10:01:59","date_gmt":"2023-01-12T10:01:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/?p=3126"},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:16:02","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:16:02","slug":"fotovoltaika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/","title":{"rendered":"Fotovoltaika"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_86 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Tartalomjegyz\u00e9k<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Rechtslage_zum_01012021\" >Jogi helyzet 2021.01.01-t\u0151l kezd\u0151d\u0151en<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Vergutung_fur_eingespeisten_Strom\" >A h\u00e1l\u00f3zatba bet\u00e1pl\u00e1lt villamos energia d\u00edjaz\u00e1sa<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Auswahl_der_PV-Module\" >PV modulok kiv\u00e1laszt\u00e1sa<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Kleines_Wechselrichter_1%C3%971\" >Kis inverter 1\u00d71<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Technische_Wechselrichter-Details\" >M\u0171szaki inverter r\u00e9szletek<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Eingangsphasen\" >Bemeneti f\u00e1zisok<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#AC_Nennleistung\" >AC n\u00e9vleges teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Anzahl_MPP_Tracker\" >MPP-k\u00f6vet\u0151k sz\u00e1ma<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#MPP_Bereich\" >MPP tartom\u00e1ny<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Eingangsstrom\" >Bemeneti \u00e1ram<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Leerlaufspannung\" >Nyitott \u00e1ramk\u00f6ri fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/#Wirkungsgrad\" >Hat\u00e9konys\u00e1g<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Olvas\u00e1si id\u0151<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">percek<\/span><\/span>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rechtslage_zum_01012021\"><\/span>Jogi helyzet 2021.01.01-t\u0151l kezd\u0151d\u0151en<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az \u00faj meg\u00fajul\u00f3 energiaforr\u00e1sokr\u00f3l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 t\u00f6rv\u00e9ny (EEG) 2021. janu\u00e1r 1-j\u00e9n l\u00e9pett hat\u00e1lyba, bele\u00e9rtve a fotovoltaikus rendszereket is.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ez azt jelenti, hogy a r\u00e9gi \u00e9s \u00faj fotovoltaikus rendszerek \u00f6nfogyaszt\u00e1sa 30 kWp-ig bez\u00e1r\u00f3lag mentes\u00fcl az EEG-p\u00f3tl\u00e9k al\u00f3l. A 7 kWp-ig terjed\u0151 \u00f6nfogyaszt\u00e1s eset\u00e9ben az adatgy\u0171jt\u00e9shez nem kell intelligens m\u00e9r\u0151ket felszerelni.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vergutung_fur_eingespeisten_Strom\"><\/span>A h\u00e1l\u00f3zatba bet\u00e1pl\u00e1lt villamos energia d\u00edjaz\u00e1sa<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny n\u00f6veked\u00e9s\u00e9vel \u00e9s az els\u0151 \u00fczembe helyez\u00e9s id\u0151pontj\u00e1nak n\u00f6veked\u00e9s\u00e9vel a bet\u00e1pl\u00e1l\u00e1si d\u00edj cs\u00f6kken. Ez azt jelenti, hogy min\u00e9l nagyobb a rendszer teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nye \u00e9s min\u00e9l k\u00e9s\u0151bb telep\u00edtik, ann\u00e1l alacsonyabb a bet\u00e1pl\u00e1l\u00e1si d\u00edj.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A 2021. szeptember 1-j\u00e9n \u00fczembe helyezett rendszereket 10 kWp-ig 0,0725 eur\u00f3val d\u00edjazz\u00e1k. A megv\u00e1s\u00e1rolt villamos energia 0,30 ... 0,35 eur\u00f3\/kWh \u00e1r\u00e1val sz\u00e1molva a d\u00edjaz\u00e1s a megv\u00e1s\u00e1rolt villamos energi\u00e1\u00e9rt fizetend\u0151 \u00e1r mintegy 20%-j\u00e9t teszi ki. Mindenki maga d\u00f6ntheti el, hogy meg\u00e9ri-e villamos energi\u00e1t bet\u00e1pl\u00e1lni a h\u00e1l\u00f3zatba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tal\u00e1n t\u00f6bb \u00e9rtelme van a teljes <a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/oekonomisches-energiemanagement\/#Zuviel\" rel=\"sponsored nofollow\">Saj\u00e1t fogyaszt\u00e1s<\/a> legyen.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Auswahl_der_PV-Module\"><\/span>PV modulok kiv\u00e1laszt\u00e1sa<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00edg kor\u00e1bban a PV-modulok sokszorosan dr\u00e1g\u00e1bbak \u00e9s j\u00f3val kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 hat\u00e9konyak voltak, ma m\u00e1r hatalmas a v\u00e1laszt\u00e9k a kialak\u00edt\u00e1s, a teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny, a hat\u00e1sfok stb. tekintet\u00e9ben.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az arany k\u00f6z\u00e9p\u00fat megtal\u00e1l\u00e1sa nem k\u00f6nny\u0171, de megval\u00f3s\u00edthat\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e1lasszon neves gy\u00e1rt\u00f3t, olyan konstrukci\u00f3t, amely kev\u00e9s modult ig\u00e9nyel, a lehet\u0151 legnagyobb hat\u00e1sfokot k\u00edn\u00e1lja, \u00e9s a lehet\u0151 legk\u00f6zelebb ker\u00fcl a k\u00edv\u00e1nt teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nyhez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A kialak\u00edt\u00e1s \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban t\u00e9glalap alak\u00fa, de a modulok sz\u00e9less\u00e9g\u00e9ben \u00e9s hossz\u00e1ban elt\u00e9r. A modulm\u00e9ret megv\u00e1laszt\u00e1sakor teh\u00e1t a rendelkez\u00e9sre \u00e1ll\u00f3 ter\u00fclet a korl\u00e1toz\u00f3 t\u00e9nyez\u0151. Ha t\u00f6bb sor \u00e9p\u00fcl, akkor figyelembe kell venni az els\u0151 sor m\u00f6g\u00f6tti modulok \u00e1rny\u00e9kol\u00e1s\u00e1t. Megfelel\u0151 t\u00e1vols\u00e1got kell tervezni a modulsorok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt, hogy a nap alacsonyabb \u00e1ll\u00e1sa eset\u00e9n ne vet\u00fclj\u00f6n \u00e1rny\u00e9k a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 sorra. Ez minimaliz\u00e1lja a hasznos\u00edthat\u00f3 ter\u00fcletet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges t\u00e1vols\u00e1gokat szoftverrel vagy egyszer\u0171bben rajzol\u00e1ssal lehet meghat\u00e1rozni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az ehhez sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges adatok a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A telep\u00edt\u00e9si hely geogr. hossza\/sz\u00e9less\u00e9ge<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A Nap azimutja a t\u00e9li napfordul\u00f3 idej\u00e9n 12:00 h<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A modul fels\u0151 sz\u00e9l\u00e9nek magass\u00e1ga<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>d\u0151l\u00e9ssz\u00f6g (\u00e1ltal\u00e1ban 30\u00b0)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ennek j\u00f3 dokument\u00e1ci\u00f3ja megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 ebben a munk\u00e1ban, amelyet a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 szerz\u0151 k\u00e9sz\u00edtett <a href=\"https:\/\/www.volker-quaschning.de\/downloads\/staffelstein1998_1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dr.-Ing. Volker Quaschning \u00e9s Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Rolf Hanitsch<\/a>. Mint \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban, az optim\u00e1lis eredm\u00e9ny mindig er\u0151fesz\u00edt\u00e9ssel j\u00e1r, m\u00e1r ami az ezt megalapoz\u00f3 elm\u00e9leti megfontol\u00e1sok megismer\u00e9s\u00e9t illeti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Miut\u00e1n az adott param\u00e9tereket meghat\u00e1roztuk, a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 l\u00e9p\u00e9s a megfelel\u0151 modulok megtal\u00e1l\u00e1sa. Maximum 7 kW-os teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny eset\u00e9n 20 darab, egyenk\u00e9nt 350 W-os modul alkalmas, amelyek 2 darab, egyenk\u00e9nt 10 modulb\u00f3l \u00e1ll\u00f3 sorba kapcsolhat\u00f3k.<br>A string a modulok soros kapcsolat\u00e1ra utal. Egy p\u00e9lda\u00e9rt\u00e9k\u0171 35 V-os modul MPP (Maximum Power Point) fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g 350 V DC inverter bemeneti fesz\u00fclts\u00e9get eredm\u00e9nyez. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A lehets\u00e9ges stringek sz\u00e1ma az inverter kiv\u00e1laszt\u00e1s\u00e1t\u00f3l f\u00fcgg. A kis inverterek csak egy MPP-k\u00f6vet\u0151vel rendelkeznek, \u00e9s ez\u00e9rt csak egyetlen string csatlakoztat\u00e1s\u00e1t teszik lehet\u0151v\u00e9.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kleines_Wechselrichter_1%C3%971\"><\/span>Kis inverter 1\u00d71<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Alapvet\u0151en h\u00e1romf\u00e9le invertert\u00edpus l\u00e9tezik: a h\u00e1l\u00f3zatra kapcsolt vagy a h\u00e1l\u00f3zaton k\u00edv\u00fcli, illetve a k\u00e9t \u00fczemm\u00f3d kombin\u00e1ci\u00f3ja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>H\u00e1l\u00f3zatvez\u00e9relt<\/em> Az inverterek szinkroniz\u00e1l\u00f3dnak az 50 Hz-es h\u00e1l\u00f3zati frekvenci\u00e1val. Ha ez \u00e1ramkimarad\u00e1s eset\u00e9n nem siker\u00fcl, akkor az \u00e1ramkimarad\u00e1s idej\u00e9re le\u00e1llnak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>H\u00e1l\u00f3zatf\u00fcggetlen<\/em> Az invertereket az \u00fagynevezett \u00f6n\u00e1ll\u00f3 rendszerekben, azaz a k\u00f6zh\u00e1l\u00f3zathoz nem csatlakoz\u00f3, f\u00fcggetlen PV-rendszerekben haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Azokat az invertereket, amelyek mindk\u00e9t \u00fczemm\u00f3dot kombin\u00e1lj\u00e1k, \u00fagy nevezik, hogy <em>Hibrid<\/em>-Egyr\u00e9szt a k\u00f6zh\u00e1l\u00f3zathoz csatlakoznak, m\u00e1sr\u00e9szt az \u00fagynevezett MPPT-szab\u00e1lyoz\u00f3kon kereszt\u00fcl az akkumul\u00e1torokhoz, amelyeket a napf\u00e9nymodulok t\u00f6ltenek, amelyek szint\u00e9n csatlakoztatva vannak, ha s\u00fct a nap. H\u00e1l\u00f3zatkies\u00e9s eset\u00e9n a hibrid inverter egyszer\u0171en \u00e1tv\u00e1lt akkumul\u00e1toros \u00fczemre, \u00e9s \u00edgy a terhel\u00e9s hat\u00e1rain bel\u00fcl tartja az \u00e1ramell\u00e1t\u00e1st. Amikor a k\u00f6zc\u00e9l\u00fa h\u00e1l\u00f3zat ism\u00e9t rendelkez\u00e9sre \u00e1ll, \u00e1tv\u00e1lt az akkumul\u00e1torok t\u00f6lt\u00e9s\u00e9re.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Technische_Wechselrichter-Details\"><\/span>M\u0171szaki inverter r\u00e9szletek<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Inverterk\u00e9nt h\u00e1romf\u00e1zis\u00fa k\u00e9sz\u00fcl\u00e9ket lehet v\u00e1lasztani, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul egy Kostal Piko IQ 8.5 k\u00e9sz\u00fcl\u00e9ket, amely alig 2000 eur\u00f3ba ker\u00fcl. Egyf\u00e1zis\u00fa k\u00e9sz\u00fcl\u00e9k csak 5 kW-ig kaphat\u00f3, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a Kostal Piko MP plus 5.0-2, kb. 1200 eur\u00f3\u00e9rt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mindk\u00e9t eszk\u00f6z k\u00e9t MPP-k\u00f6vet\u0151vel rendelkezik (k\u00e9t sz\u00e1l \u00f6sszekapcsol\u00e1sa).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Milyen adatok fontosak az inverter kiv\u00e1laszt\u00e1sakor?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Eingangsphasen\"><\/span>Bemeneti f\u00e1zisok<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A kisebb inverterek kb. 5 kW-ig \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban egyf\u00e1zis\u00faak, a nagyobbak h\u00e1romf\u00e1zis\u00faak. Az egyf\u00e1zis\u00fa csatlakoz\u00e1shoz a h\u00e1l\u00f3zat fel\u0151li csatlakoz\u00e1shoz h\u00e1romvezet\u00e9kes, a h\u00e1romf\u00e1zis\u00fa csatlakoz\u00e1shoz pedig \u00f6tvezet\u00e9kes k\u00e1belre van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"AC_Nennleistung\"><\/span>AC n\u00e9vleges teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az AC n\u00e9vleges teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny az inverter maxim\u00e1lis teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nye, \u00e9s \u00edgy a legnagyobb telep\u00edthet\u0151 PV-teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny is. Ez azt jelenti, hogy egy inverterhez nem csatlakoztathat\u00f3 t\u00f6bb PV-modul, mint amennyi az AC n\u00e9vleges teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nye.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Anzahl_MPP_Tracker\"><\/span>MPP-k\u00f6vet\u0151k sz\u00e1ma<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az inverteren rendelkez\u00e9sre \u00e1ll\u00f3 MPP-k\u00f6vet\u0151k sz\u00e1ma hat\u00e1rozza meg a csatlakoztathat\u00f3 stringek sz\u00e1m\u00e1t. A kisebb inverterek \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban csak egy MPP-k\u00f6vet\u0151vel rendelkeznek, a nagyobbak kett\u0151vel vagy t\u00f6bbel. Min\u00e9l t\u00f6bb MPP-k\u00f6vet\u0151 van be\u00e9p\u00edtve, ann\u00e1l dr\u00e1g\u00e1bbak az inverterek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"MPP_Bereich\"><\/span>MPP tartom\u00e1ny<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az itt megadott egyenfesz\u00fclts\u00e9g-tartom\u00e1ny hat\u00e1rozza meg az MPP-k\u00f6vet\u0151n el\u00e9rhet\u0151 maxim\u00e1lis bemeneti egyenfesz\u00fclts\u00e9get. A sorba kapcsolt modulok \u00f6sszes\u00edtett egyenfesz\u00fclts\u00e9ge nem haladhatja meg a fels\u0151 hat\u00e1rt. Ha a tartom\u00e1nyt 360 ... 600 V, akkor a PV-modul MPP-fesz\u00fclts\u00e9ge 35 V, ami 600 \/ 35 = 17,14, azaz maximum 17 modul sorba kapcsol\u00e1sa lehets\u00e9ges egy sz\u00e1lonk\u00e9nt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Eingangsstrom\"><\/span>Bemeneti \u00e1ram<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A bemeneti \u00e1ram az \u00f6sszes string \u00e1ram\u00e1nak \u00f6sszeg\u00e9t jelzi, amely az egyes stringek egy-egy modulj\u00e1nak MPP-\u00e1ramainak \u00f6sszead\u00e1s\u00e1b\u00f3l ad\u00f3dik. Ha egy PV-modul MPP-\u00e1rama 9,92 A, \u00e9s k\u00e9t string van telep\u00edtve, akkor 9,92 + 9,92 19,84 A bemeneti \u00e1ramot eredm\u00e9nyez.<br>Felt\u00e9telezve, hogy az inverter csak maximum 16 A-t tud kezelni, a m\u00e1sodik stringbe olyan modulokat kell telep\u00edteni, amelyek maxim\u00e1lis MPP-\u00e1rama 16 - 9,92 = 6,08 A.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Leerlaufspannung\"><\/span>Nyitott \u00e1ramk\u00f6ri fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A PV-modulok nyitott \u00e1ramk\u00f6ri fesz\u00fclts\u00e9ge mindig magasabb, mint az MPP-fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g. Alacsony k\u00fcls\u0151 h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kleten magasabb, magas h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kleten pedig alacsonyabb. Ha az inverter pl. 750 V maxim\u00e1lis \u00fcresj\u00e1rati fesz\u00fclts\u00e9get jelez, akkor a modulok \u00fcresj\u00e1rati fesz\u00fclts\u00e9ge nem haladhatja meg a 750 \/ 17 = 44 V-ot 17 telep\u00edtett modul eset\u00e9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Wirkungsgrad\"><\/span>Hat\u00e9konys\u00e1g<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A hat\u00e1sfok azt a hat\u00e9konys\u00e1got \u00edrja le, amellyel az inverter a bej\u00f6v\u0151 egyenfesz\u00fclts\u00e9get a kimen\u0151 v\u00e1ltakoz\u00f3 fesz\u00fclts\u00e9gg\u00e9 alak\u00edtja. Mivel azonban a hat\u00e1sfok a naper\u0151ss\u00e9g ingadoz\u00e1s\u00e1val is v\u00e1ltozik, a fesz\u00fclts\u00e9gf\u00fcgg\u00e9s ismerete fontos a helyes tervez\u00e9shez. \u00c1ltal\u00e1ban az alacsonyabb fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g magasabb hat\u00e1sfokkal j\u00e1r.<br>Ebben az \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg\u00e9sben az MPP-tartom\u00e1ny fels\u0151 hat\u00e1rfesz\u00fclts\u00e9g\u00e9nek haszn\u00e1lata ez\u00e9rt kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 hat\u00e9kony. Ez\u00e9rt jobb egy t\u00f6bb stringet tartalmaz\u00f3 konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3 alkalmaz\u00e1sa, b\u00e1r ez az inverter megv\u00e1s\u00e1rl\u00e1sakor nagyobb anyagi r\u00e1ford\u00edt\u00e1st jelent.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Olvas\u00e1si id\u0151<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">percek<\/span><\/span>Jogi helyzet 2021.01.01-t\u0151l Az \u00faj EEG (meg\u00fajul\u00f3 energiaforr\u00e1sokr\u00f3l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 t\u00f6rv\u00e9ny) 2021.01.01-\u00e9n l\u00e9pett hat\u00e1lyba, bele\u00e9rtve a fotovoltaikus rendszereket is. Ez azt jelenti, hogy a r\u00e9gi \u00e9s \u00faj fotovoltaikus rendszerek \u00f6nfogyaszt\u00e1sa 30 kWp-ig bez\u00e1r\u00f3lag mentes\u00fcl az EEG-p\u00f3td\u00edj al\u00f3l. A 7 kWp-ig terjed\u0151 \u00f6nfogyaszt\u00e1s eset\u00e9ben nem kell intelligens m\u00e9r\u0151ket telep\u00edteni az adatgy\u0171jt\u00e9shez.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2023\/01\/12\/photovoltaik\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Olvass tov\u00e1bb \"<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Fotovoltaika<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[360,365],"tags":[937,928,927,938,940,799,934,941,447,931,939,935,936,932,933,812,930,926,929,741,446,925,529,644],"class_list":["post-3126","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-haus-und-garten","category-photovoltaik-fuer-daheim","tag-batteriebetrieb","tag-eeg-umlage","tag-eigenverbrauch","tag-eingangsphase","tag-eingangsstrom","tag-hybrid-wechselrichter","tag-lastgrenze","tag-leerlaufspannung","tag-leistung","tag-mpp-tracker","tag-nennleistung","tag-netzausfall","tag-netzfrequenz","tag-netzgefuehrt","tag-netzunabhaengig","tag-photovoltaik","tag-pv-modul","tag-rechtslage","tag-smartmeter","tag-string","tag-strom","tag-verguetung","tag-wechselrichter","tag-wirkungsgrad"],"modified_by":"Achim Goerner","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3126","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3126"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3126\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3126"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3126"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3126"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}