{"id":604,"date":"2021-08-22T01:23:19","date_gmt":"2021-08-22T01:23:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/?p=604"},"modified":"2023-01-21T16:44:31","modified_gmt":"2023-01-21T16:44:31","slug":"internet-alapjai-babuknak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2021\/08\/22\/internet-grundlagen-fuer-dummies\/","title":{"rendered":"Internet alapismeretek b\u00e1buknak"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_83 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Tartalomjegyz\u00e9k<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2021\/08\/22\/internet-grundlagen-fuer-dummies\/#DNS\" >DNS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2021\/08\/22\/internet-grundlagen-fuer-dummies\/#Der_Weg_zum_Ziel\" >A c\u00e9lhoz vezet\u0151 \u00fat<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Olvas\u00e1si id\u0151<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 2<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">percek<\/span><\/span>\n<p>Az internet meg\u00e9rt\u00e9s\u00e9nek alapjai - j\u00e1tsszuk a h\u00fcly\u00e9t ... - Aki l\u00e1tta a Feuerzangenbowle-t Heinz R\u00fchmannal, annak ismer\u0151s lehet ez a mond\u00e1s az ott t\u00e1rgyalt g\u0151zg\u00e9p m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9vel kapcsolatban.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aki nem ismeri, az legal\u00e1bb hallott m\u00e1r a Google-r\u00f3l, amely ma val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg az egyik leggyakrabban haszn\u00e1lt keres\u0151motor az interneten.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>De hogyan m\u0171k\u00f6dik, hogy ha <em>google.com<\/em> is landol ezen a keres\u0151motoron?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A j\u00f3 \u00f6reg telefonk\u00f6nyvvel val\u00f3 \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edt\u00e1s bevallottan f\u00e9lrevezet\u0151, de j\u00f3 alapot ny\u00fajt:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u00e9gebben, ha valaki ismer\u0151s\u00e9nek a telefonsz\u00e1m\u00e1t szerette volna megtal\u00e1lni, legal\u00e1bb a nev\u00e9re \u00e9s a v\u00e1rosra volt sz\u00fcks\u00e9ge, ahol lakik. Ezut\u00e1n sz\u00fcks\u00e9g volt az adott v\u00e1ros telefonk\u00f6nyv\u00e9re, amelyben a nevet meg lehetett keresni. Ebben volt egy k\u00f6rzetsz\u00e1m, amelyet a telefonsz\u00e1m el\u00e9 kellett \u00e1ll\u00edtani. Ha az ismer\u0151st szint\u00e9n M\u00fcllernek h\u00edvt\u00e1k, a keresztn\u00e9v is hasznos volt. Ha ez is egy gyakori n\u00e9v volt, akkor az utca ismerete volt az egyetlen m\u00f3dja annak, hogy megtal\u00e1lj\u00e1k a \"M\u00fcllert\" \u00e9s megtal\u00e1lj\u00e1k a telefonsz\u00e1m\u00e1t. Ha pedig t\u00e1rsash\u00e1zban lakott, akkor a mell\u00e9kn\u00e9v is fontos volt, felt\u00e9ve persze, hogy a keresett szem\u00e9ly N\u00e9metorsz\u00e1gban \u00e9lt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Az interneten az orsz\u00e1gk\u00f3d, a k\u00f6rzetsz\u00e1m \u00e9s a telefonsz\u00e1m, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a mell\u00e9k t\u00e1rcs\u00e1z\u00e1s, \u00fagynevezett IP (Internet Protocol) c\u00edmk\u00e9nt jelenik meg. Mind a n\u00e9gy, egym\u00e1st\u00f3l ponttal elv\u00e1lasztott sz\u00e1m\u00f6sszetev\u0151 001 ... 255. A Google.de c\u00edme p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul 008.008.008.008.008.008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ez a c\u00edm megfelel az IPv4 szabv\u00e1nynak, \u00e9s 4 milli\u00e1rd c\u00edmtartom\u00e1nyt k\u00edn\u00e1l. A jelenleg m\u00e9g p\u00e1rhuzamosan m\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 IPv6 szabv\u00e1ny valamivel kevesebb, mint egy szextilli\u00e1rd (3,4 x 10<sup>38<\/sup>).<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DNS\"><\/span>DNS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A tizenk\u00e9t sz\u00e1mjegy\u0171 sz\u00e1msorok a nevekhez k\u00e9pest nem k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sebben megjegyezhet\u0151ek. Ez\u00e9rt van az interneten egyfajta telefonk\u00f6nyv-k\u00e9rdez\u0151 szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s, a DNS (Domain Name Server). Ezek a n\u00e9v bevitel\u00e9t haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k <em>Google.com<\/em> a fent eml\u00edtett 008.008.008.008.008.008 vagy 8.8.8.8.8.8.8 sz\u00e1msorozathoz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vess\u00fcnk egy pillant\u00e1st arra az \u00fatra, amelyet egy keres\u00e9si lek\u00e9rdez\u00e9s megtesz, ha valaki Cuxhavenben van. <em>Google.com<\/em> a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9p b\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u0151j\u00e9nek c\u00edmsor\u00e1ban. A parancs <em>traceroute<\/em> (k\u00f6vesse az \u00fatvonalat) Mac OS alatt, <em>tracert<\/em> Windows alatt.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Der_Weg_zum_Ziel\"><\/span>A c\u00e9lhoz vezet\u0151 \u00fat<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em>traceroute 8.8.8.8.8.8<\/em> vagy <em>traceroute google.com<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9p 192.168.1.16 WLAN-on kereszt\u00fcl -&gt; Router (bels\u0151 DNS; pl. AVM FritzBox) - 192.168.1.1 - 1,068 ms<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Router -&gt; D - Kassel - 88.134.189.230 - 12.891 ms<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>-&gt; D - Kassel - 88.134.192.186 - 13.906 ms<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>-&gt; D - Darmstadt - 145.254.3.62 - 17,076 ms<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>-&gt; D - Darmstadt - 145.254.2.215 - 17.146 ms<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>-&gt; USA - CA - Mountain View - 72.14.194.138 - 15.443 ms<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>-&gt; USA - KS - KansasCity - 8.8.8.8.8 - 18.787 ms<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A f\u00e9l vil\u00e1got \u00e1tszel\u0151, \u00f6sszesen hat adatk\u00f6zpontot \u00e9rint\u0151 utaz\u00e1s ideje \u00f6sszesen 86,37 ms - ez el\u00e9g gyors v\u00e1lasz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Olvas\u00e1si id\u0151<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 2<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">percek<\/span><\/span>Az internet meg\u00e9rt\u00e9s\u00e9nek alapjai - j\u00e1tsszuk a h\u00fcly\u00e9t ... - Aki l\u00e1tta a Feuerzangenbowle-t Heinz R\u00fchmannal, annak ismer\u0151s lehet ez a mond\u00e1s a g\u0151zg\u00e9p m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9vel kapcsolatban. Aki nem ismeri, az legal\u00e1bbis hallott m\u00e1r a Google-r\u00f3l, amely ma tal\u00e1n az egyik leggyakrabban haszn\u00e1lt keres\u0151motor az interneten.....&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/blog\/2021\/08\/22\/internet-grundlagen-fuer-dummies\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Olvass tov\u00e1bb \"<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Internet alapismeretek b\u00e1buknak<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[360,364],"tags":[1051,1049,1048,576,1050,1052],"class_list":["post-604","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-haus-und-garten","category-internet-grundlagen-fuer-dummies","tag-dns","tag-grundlagen","tag-internet","tag-ip","tag-ipv6","tag-traceroute"],"modified_by":"Achim Goerner","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/604","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=604"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/604\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=604"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=604"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=604"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}