{"id":5830,"date":"2023-12-09T12:47:49","date_gmt":"2023-12-09T12:47:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/?p=5830"},"modified":"2024-05-04T06:28:27","modified_gmt":"2024-05-04T06:28:27","slug":"vpn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lt\/blog\/2023\/12\/09\/vpn\/","title":{"rendered":"VPN"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_83 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Turinys<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lt\/blog\/2023\/12\/09\/vpn\/#Grundlagen\" >Pagrindai<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lt\/blog\/2023\/12\/09\/vpn\/#Auswahl-Kriterien\" >Atrankos kriterijai<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lt\/blog\/2023\/12\/09\/vpn\/#VPN_Hardware\" >VPN technin\u0117 \u012franga<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lt\/blog\/2023\/12\/09\/vpn\/#VPN_Software\" >VPN programin\u0117 \u012franga<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lt\/blog\/2023\/12\/09\/vpn\/#Software_VPN_Provider_%E2%80%93_eine_Auswahl\" >Programin\u0117s \u012frangos VPN teik\u0117jai - pasirinkimas<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Skaitymo laikas<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 3<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minut\u0117s<\/span><\/span>\n<p>VPN rei\u0161kia <strong>V<\/strong>irtuali <strong>P<\/strong>rivate <strong>N<\/strong>sthork. Virtualus, nes tai yra tinklas, kuris sukuria ry\u0161\u012f tarp dviej\u0173 ta\u0161k\u0173 per \u012fvairius serverius (VPN \u0161liuzus) i\u0161oriniame tinkle. Pavyzd\u017eiui, nam\u0173 biuras (A tinklas) per internet\u0105 (B tinklas) su darbdavio tinklu (C tinklas).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Grundlagen\"><\/span>Pagrindai<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Duomen\u0173 \u0161ifravim\u0105 ir prieigos leidimus paprastai valdo atitinkamas mar\u0161rutizatorius arba atskira galingesn\u0117 VPN \u012franga. VPN protokolas nurodo atskir\u0173 duomen\u0173 paket\u0173 transportavimo mar\u0161rut\u0105 ir u\u017etikrina j\u0173 pristatym\u0105 tinkamam gav\u0117jui naudodamas i\u0161ori\u0161kai \"\u012fspaustus\" adreso duomenis, pana\u0161ius \u012f i\u0161or\u0117je priklijuot\u0105 siuntinio etiket\u0119, per vadinam\u0105j\u012f VPN tunel\u012f, kurio i\u0161 i\u0161or\u0117s negalima per\u017ei\u016br\u0117ti ar net juo manipuliuoti. VPN protokolas negali atpa\u017einti duomen\u0173 paket\u0173 turinio. Kiekvienas paketo persiuntimas i\u0161 vieno tinklo \u012f kit\u0105 taip pat vykdomas peradresuojant, t. y. kei\u010diant paketo etiket\u0119, kol paketas pasiekia galutin\u012f gav\u0117j\u0105. Tik tada gav\u0117jas gali atidaryti paket\u0105 ir i\u0161pakuoti duomenis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jei kas nors turi fizin\u0119 prieig\u0105 prie susijusi\u0173 serveri\u0173, gali sekti keli\u0105 nuo siunt\u0117jo iki gav\u0117jo ir atvirk\u0161\u010diai. Jei paslaug\u0173 teik\u0117jas palaiko keli\u0173 kanal\u0173 funkcij\u0105, t. y. perjungim\u0105 tarp skirting\u0173 serveri\u0173 skirtingose \u0161alyse, tai tampa beveik ne\u012fmanoma, nes asmuo tuo pa\u010diu metu tur\u0117t\u0173 fizi\u0161kai b\u016bti prie serveri\u0173 atitinkamose \u0161alyse...<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kadangi kiekvienas serveris turi IP adres\u0105, kuris j\u012f unikaliai identifikuoja, kiekvien\u0105 serverio u\u017eklaus\u0105 visada galima atsekti. Taikydamos politines priemones, \u0161alys blokuoja tam tikrus IP adres\u0173 diapazonus, t. y. prieig\u0105 prie kit\u0173 \u0161ali\u0173 svetaini\u0173.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010cia taip pat svarbus VPN, nes jei naudotojas per VPN renkasi interneto svetain\u0119, kurios IP yra blokuojamas, \u0161i u\u017eklausa supakuojama \u012f VPN paket\u0105 ir per VPN paslaug\u0173 teik\u0117jo VPN server\u012f persiun\u010diama \u012f norim\u0105 oficialiai blokuojam\u0105 server\u012f, kuris savo ruo\u017etu i\u0161pakuoja paket\u0105 ir supakuoja pra\u0161om\u0105 turin\u012f \u012f gr\u0105\u017einam\u0105 paket\u0105, kuris gav\u0117jo pus\u0117je v\u0117l i\u0161pakuojamas ir jo turinys rodomas atitinkamoje interneto svetain\u0117je.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>VPN leid\u017eia sukurti saugius duomen\u0173 ry\u0161ius per daugyb\u0117s VPN serveri\u0173 tinkl\u0105 per jungtis, kuri\u0173 negalima kontroliuoti i\u0161 i\u0161or\u0117s ir kurios gali periodi\u0161kai keistis net skirtingose \u0161alyse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Auswahl-Kriterien\"><\/span>Atrankos kriterijai<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Kaip naudoti VPN? Ko jums reikia? Ar pageidautina VPN technin\u0117, ar programin\u0117 \u012franga?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yra daugyb\u0117 b\u016bd\u0173, kaip \u012fsigyti VPN. Papras\u010diausias b\u016bdas - ie\u0161koti VPN paslaug\u0173 teik\u0117jo ir, naudodamiesi pateikta programa (VPN programine \u012franga), sukurti VPN ry\u0161\u012f su vienu i\u0161 j\u0173 turim\u0173 VPN serveri\u0173.<br>\u0160iuo atveju paslaug\u0173 teik\u0117jo duomen\u0173 centras prisiima duomen\u0173 \u0161ifravimo na\u0161t\u0105.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Taip pat galite naudoti mar\u0161rutizatori\u0173 su integruota VPN funkcija, \u012fvesti atitinkamus paslaug\u0173 teik\u0117jo duomenis ir nustatyti VPN ry\u0161\u012f, o duomen\u0173 \u0161ifravimo u\u017eduot\u012f palikti mar\u0161rutizatoriui, nors d\u0117l to gali sul\u0117t\u0117ti duomen\u0173 srautas, nes standartiniai mar\u0161rutizatoriai paprastai n\u0117ra pritaikyti tokiai skai\u010diavimo galiai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kita galimyb\u0117 - naudoti \u012frengin\u012f (VPN \u012frang\u0105), prijungt\u0105 tarp DSL ry\u0161io ir mar\u0161rutizatoriaus, kuris u\u017etikrina VPN ry\u0161\u012f ir \u0161ifravim\u0105, teikiam\u0105 paslaug\u0173 teik\u0117jo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>VPN programin\u0117s \u012frangos tr\u016bkumas gali b\u016bti tas, kad internetin\u0117s transliacijos paslaugos, pavyzd\u017eiui, \"Amazon Prime\", atpa\u017e\u012fsta, kai tik gaunama VPN ry\u0161io u\u017eklausa, ir j\u0105 atmeta. Vis d\u0117lto VPN \u012franga, kaip nurodyta toliau, leid\u017eia neribotai naudotis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VPN_Hardware\"><\/span>VPN technin\u0117 \u012franga<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Kokia VPN technin\u0117 \u012franga yra prieinama? Be papildomos VPN ugniasien\u0117s, kuri praleid\u017eia tik tuos VPN paketus, kurie buvo atitinkamai \u012fteisinti, arba tik persiun\u010dia \u012feinan\u010dius VPN tunelio paketus \u012f atitinkam\u0105 server\u012f per savo interneto s\u0105saj\u0105, \u0161iuo metu galima \u012fsigyti <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shellfire.de\/blog\/vpn-hardware\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Shellfire<\/a> su \"Shellfire\" d\u0117\u017eute - iki 50 MBit\/s duomen\u0173 srautas ir neribotas duomen\u0173 srautas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VPN_Software\"><\/span>VPN programin\u0117 \u012franga<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>VPN teik\u0117jai atsisiun\u010dia VPN programin\u0119 \u012frang\u0105, kuri si\u016blo \u012fvairias veikimo funkcijas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Svarbu u\u017etikrinti, kad b\u016bt\u0173 kuo daugiau serveri\u0173 kuo daugiau \u0161ali\u0173, kad ry\u0161io duomenys neb\u016bt\u0173 registruojami, kuo daugiau vienalaiki\u0173 prisijungim\u0173, \"WireGuard\" palaikymas (d\u0117l didesnio apdorojimo grei\u010dio), \"SmartDNS\" (kad b\u016bt\u0173 galima transliuoti i\u0161maniuosius \u012frenginius turin\u010diuose galutiniuose \u012frenginiuose), \"split tunnelling\" (lygiagre\u010diai sukuriamas ir \u0161ifruotas VPN, ir tiesioginis ne\u0161ifruotas interneto ry\u0161ys, pvz., su vietiniu spausdintuvu) ir, galiausiai, \"multi-hop\" (kaskadinis VPN jung\u010di\u0173 metodas, kai, pavyzd\u017eiui, po kiekvieno duomen\u0173 paketo perdavimo sukuriamas naujas ry\u0161ys su vietiniu spausdintuvu).(kaskadini\u0173 VPN jung\u010di\u0173 metodas, kai, pavyzd\u017eiui, po kiekvieno duomen\u0173 paketo perdavimo \u012f sekant\u012f naujai sukurtos ir i\u0161 naujo u\u017e\u0161ifruotos VPN jungties server\u012f nei \u012feinan\u010dio, nei i\u0161einan\u010dio serverio negalima nustatyti pakankamu grei\u010diu ir pastangomis). Vis d\u0117lto paslaug\u0173 teik\u0117jas tur\u0117t\u0173 atid\u017eiai patikrinti, ar daugybini\u0173 sujungim\u0173 technologija atitinka atnaujinto \u0161ifravimo aspekt\u0105, nes kai kuriose i\u0161 j\u0173 kei\u010diamas serveris, bet neatnaujinamas \u0161ifravimas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Galb\u016bt lemiamas dalykas, kalbant apie visi\u0161k\u0105 anonimi\u0161kum\u0105: labai nedaug paslaug\u0173 teik\u0117j\u0173 leid\u017eia naudotis savo paslaugomis be registracijos ar bet kokio tapatyb\u0117s \u012frodymo, \u012fskaitant anonimin\u012f mok\u0117jim\u0105, pvz., \u0160vedijos bendrov\u0117 <a href=\"https:\/\/mullvad.net\/de\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mullvad VPN<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Brangiausias paslaug\u0173 teik\u0117jas neb\u016btinai turi b\u016bti geriausias. Ta\u010diau tas, kuris pri\u017ei\u016bri t\u016bkstan\u010dius serveri\u0173 de\u0161imtyse \u0161ali\u0173 ir u\u017etikrina pakankam\u0105 greit\u012f, saugum\u0105 ir anonimi\u0161kum\u0105, taip pat turi imti atitinkamai didesn\u012f mokest\u012f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Software_VPN_Provider_%E2%80%93_eine_Auswahl\"><\/span>Programin\u0117s \u012frangos VPN teik\u0117jai - pasirinkimas<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Specialist\u0173 \u017eurnalai pirmenyb\u0119 teikia dviem VPN paslaug\u0173 teik\u0117jams <a href=\"https:\/\/nordvpn.com\/de\/nord-site\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\"NordVPN\"<\/a> \u012fsik\u016brusi Panamoje ir <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cyberghostvpn.com\/de_DE\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\"CyberGhost\"<\/a> Rumunijoje, kurios serveri\u0173 tinklas yra palyginti geriau i\u0161vystytas, ta\u010diau jo duomen\u0173 pralaidumas ir srautinio perdavimo galimyb\u0117s yra prastesn\u0117s. Visi, kuriems reikia specialaus IP adreso arba kurie yra \u017eaidim\u0173 m\u0117g\u0117jai, \u010dia gaus savo pinigus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nemokam\u0105 ir labai patikim\u0105 sprendim\u0105, susijus\u012f su na\u0161umu, si\u016blo <a href=\"https:\/\/hide.me\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hide.me VPN<\/a> Malaizijoje ir \u0161e\u0161i laisvai prieinami serveriai, pavyzd\u017eiui, Suomijoje, su 50 MB\/s atsisiuntimo sparta, padalytu tuneliavimu ir visi\u0161ku IPv6 palaikymu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ry\u0161ium su <em>\"Teltonika RUTX50\" mar\u0161rutizatorius<\/em> rezultatus su <em>\"CloudConnexa\"<\/em> nemokama galimyb\u0117 naudoti iki trij\u0173 VPN jung\u010di\u0173. Daugiau apie tai skaitykite atskirame <a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lt\/vpn-teltonika-rutx50\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"6123\">\u012ena\u0161as<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Skaitymo laikas<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 3<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minut\u0117s<\/span><\/span>VPN rei\u0161kia virtual\u0173j\u012f privat\u0173j\u012f tinkl\u0105. Virtualus tod\u0117l, kad tai yra tinklas, kuris sukuria ry\u0161\u012f tarp dviej\u0173 ta\u0161k\u0173 per \u012fvairius serverius (VPN vartus) i\u0161oriniame tinkle. Pavyzd\u017eiui, nam\u0173 biuras (A tinklas) per internet\u0105 (B tinklas) su darbdavio tinklu (C tinklas). Pagrindai Duomen\u0173 \u0161ifravimas ir prieigos leidimai paprastai nustatomi atitinkamoje...&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lt\/blog\/2023\/12\/09\/vpn\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Skaityti daugiau \"<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">VPN<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2039,364,2553,2714],"tags":[2725,2721,2731,914,2732,955,2726,2730,2068,2724,2716,1182,574,2043,2723,2727,954,2728,2729,2450,2722,2715,2718,2719,2720,2717],"class_list":["post-5830","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-internet","category-internet-grundlagen-fuer-dummies","category-netzwerk-technik","category-vpn","tag-cyberghost","tag-datenverschluesselung","tag-dedizierte-ip","tag-firewall","tag-gaming","tag-hardware","tag-mullvad-vpn","tag-multi-hop","tag-netzwerk","tag-nordvpn","tag-paket","tag-provider","tag-router","tag-server","tag-shellfire","tag-smartdns","tag-software","tag-split-tunneling","tag-tunneling","tag-verbindung","tag-verschluesselung","tag-vpn","tag-vpn-paket","tag-vpn-provider","tag-vpn-server","tag-vpn-verbindung"],"modified_by":"Achim Goerner","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5830","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5830"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5830\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5830"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5830"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5830"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}