{"id":5830,"date":"2023-12-09T12:47:49","date_gmt":"2023-12-09T12:47:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/?p=5830"},"modified":"2024-05-04T06:28:27","modified_gmt":"2024-05-04T06:28:27","slug":"vpn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lv\/blog\/2023\/12\/09\/vpn\/","title":{"rendered":"VPN"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Satura r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101js<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lv\/blog\/2023\/12\/09\/vpn\/#Grundlagen\" >Pamati<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lv\/blog\/2023\/12\/09\/vpn\/#Auswahl-Kriterien\" >Atlases krit\u0113riji<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lv\/blog\/2023\/12\/09\/vpn\/#VPN_Hardware\" >VPN aparat\u016bra<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lv\/blog\/2023\/12\/09\/vpn\/#VPN_Software\" >VPN programmat\u016bra<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lv\/blog\/2023\/12\/09\/vpn\/#Software_VPN_Provider_%E2%80%93_eine_Auswahl\" >Programmat\u016bras VPN pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113ji - atlase<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Las\u012b\u0161anas laiks<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 3<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">protokols<\/span><\/span>\n<p>VPN apz\u012bm\u0113 <strong>V<\/strong>iurtual <strong>P<\/strong>rivate <strong>N<\/strong>sthork. Virtu\u0101ls, jo tas ir t\u012bkls, kas izveido savienojumu starp diviem punktiem, izmantojot da\u017e\u0101dus serverus (VPN v\u0101rtejas) \u0101r\u0113j\u0101 t\u012bkl\u0101. Piem\u0113ram, m\u0101jas birojs (A t\u012bkls) caur internetu (B t\u012bkls) ar darba dev\u0113ja t\u012bklu (C t\u012bkls).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Grundlagen\"><\/span>Pamati<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Datu \u0161ifr\u0113\u0161anu un piek\u013cuves at\u013caujas parasti p\u0101rvalda attiec\u012bgais mar\u0161rut\u0113t\u0101js vai atsevi\u0161\u0137a, jaud\u012bg\u0101ka VPN aparat\u016bra. VPN protokols nor\u0101da atsevi\u0161\u0137u datu pake\u0161u transport\u0113\u0161anas mar\u0161rutu un nodro\u0161ina to pieg\u0101di pareizajam sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jam, izmantojot \u0101r\u0113ji \"iespiestus\" adreses datus, kas l\u012bdz\u012bgi \u0101r\u0101 piestiprin\u0101tai pakas eti\u0137etei, izmantojot t\u0101 saukto VPN tuneli, kuru no \u0101rpuses nevar apskat\u012bt vai pat manipul\u0113t ar to. VPN protokols nevar atpaz\u012bt datu pake\u0161u saturu. Katra paketes p\u0101rs\u016bt\u012b\u0161ana no viena t\u012bkla uz n\u0101kamo ar\u012b tiek \u012bstenota, mainot paketes eti\u0137eti, t. i., mainot t\u0101s eti\u0137eti, l\u012bdz pakete ir sasniegusi gal\u012bgo sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ju. Tikai tad sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113js var atv\u0113rt paketi un izpakot datus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ja k\u0101dam ir fiziska piek\u013cuve attiec\u012bgajiem serveriem, vi\u0146\u0161 var izsekot ce\u013cu no s\u016bt\u012bt\u0101ja l\u012bdz sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113jam un otr\u0101di. Ja pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113js atbalsta vair\u0101ku savienojumu funkcionalit\u0101ti, t. i., p\u0101rsl\u0113g\u0161anos starp da\u017e\u0101diem serveriem da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s valst\u012bs, tas k\u013c\u016bst gandr\u012bz neiesp\u0113jami, jo personai vienlaikus b\u016btu fiziski j\u0101atrodas uz vietas pie attiec\u012bgajiem serveriem attiec\u012bgaj\u0101s valst\u012bs ...<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u0101 k\u0101 katram serverim ir IP adrese, kas to unik\u0101li identific\u0113, katru servera piepras\u012bjumu vienm\u0113r var izsekot. Veicot politiskus pas\u0101kumus, valstis blo\u0137\u0113 noteiktus IP adre\u0161u diapazonus, t. i., piek\u013cuvi citu valstu t\u012bmek\u013ca vietn\u0113m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0160aj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 iesaist\u0101s ar\u012b VPN, jo, ja lietot\u0101js, izmantojot VPN, izv\u0113las t\u012bmek\u013ca vietni, kuras IP ir blo\u0137\u0113ts, \u0161is piepras\u012bjums tiek iesai\u0146ots VPN paket\u0113 un p\u0113c tam ar VPN pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113ja VPN servera starpniec\u012bbu p\u0101rs\u016bt\u012bts uz v\u0113lamo, ofici\u0101li blo\u0137\u0113to serveri, kas savuk\u0101rt paku izpako un atpaka\u013c nos\u016bt\u012btaj\u0101 paket\u0113 iesai\u0146o piepras\u012bto saturu, kur\u0161 sa\u0146\u0113m\u0113ja pus\u0113 atkal tiek izpakots, un t\u0101 saturs tiek par\u0101d\u012bts attiec\u012bgaj\u0101 t\u012bmek\u013ca vietn\u0113.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>VPN \u013cauj izveidot dro\u0161us datu savienojumus, izmantojot neskait\u0101mu VPN serveru t\u012bklu, izmantojot savienojumus, kurus nevar kontrol\u0113t no \u0101rpuses un kuri var periodiski main\u012bties pat da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s valst\u012bs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Auswahl-Kriterien\"><\/span>Atlases krit\u0113riji<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u0101 izmantot VPN? Kas jums tam nepiecie\u0161ams? Vai v\u0113lama VPN aparat\u016bra vai programmat\u016bra?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ir daudz veidu, k\u0101 ieg\u016bt VPN. Visvienk\u0101r\u0161\u0101kais ir samekl\u0113t VPN pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113ju un izmantot pied\u0101v\u0101to programmu (VPN programmat\u016bru), lai izveidotu VPN savienojumu ar k\u0101du no pieejamajiem VPN serveriem.<br>\u0160aj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113ja datu centrs uz\u0146emas datu \u0161ifr\u0113\u0161anas pien\u0101kumus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Varat ar\u012b izmantot mar\u0161rut\u0113t\u0101ju ar ieb\u016bv\u0113tu VPN funkciju, ievad\u012bt attiec\u012bgos pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113ja datus, lai izveidotu VPN savienojumu, un atst\u0101t datu \u0161ifr\u0113\u0161anas uzdevumu mar\u0161rut\u0113t\u0101jam, lai gan tas var pal\u0113nin\u0101t datu pl\u016bsmu, jo standarta mar\u0161rut\u0113t\u0101ji parasti nav paredz\u0113ti \u0161\u0101da l\u012bme\u0146a skait\u013co\u0161anas jaudai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cita iesp\u0113ja ir izmantot ier\u012bci (VPN aparat\u016bru), kas ir savienota starp DSL savienojumu un mar\u0161rut\u0113t\u0101ju un \u012bsteno VPN savienojumu un \u0161ifr\u0113\u0161anu, ko nodro\u0161ina pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113js.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>VPN programmat\u016bras tr\u016bkums var b\u016bt tas, ka tie\u0161saistes straum\u0113\u0161anas pakalpojumi, piem\u0113ram, Amazon Prime, atpaz\u012bst, tikl\u012bdz ir sa\u0146emts VPN savienojuma piepras\u012bjums, un to noraida. Tom\u0113r VPN aparat\u016bra, k\u0101 nor\u0101d\u012bts turpm\u0101k, \u013cauj neierobe\u017eoti izmantot VPN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VPN_Hardware\"><\/span>VPN aparat\u016bra<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u0101da VPN aparat\u016bra ir pieejama? Papildus papildu VPN ugunsm\u016brim, kas \u013cauj VPN paket\u0113m p\u0101riet tikai t\u0101m, kas ir attiec\u012bgi le\u0123itimiz\u0113tas, vai tikai p\u0101rs\u016bta ien\u0101ko\u0161\u0101s VPN tune\u013ca paketes uz attiec\u012bgo serveri, izmantojot t\u0101 interneta interfeisu, pa\u0161laik ir pieejamas \u0161\u0101das iek\u0101rtas. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shellfire.de\/blog\/vpn-hardware\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Shellfire<\/a> ar Shellfire kasti ar \u0101trumu l\u012bdz 50 MBit\/s lejup pa straumi un neierobe\u017eotu datpl\u016bsmu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VPN_Software\"><\/span>VPN programmat\u016bra<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>VPN pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113ji nodro\u0161ina VPN programmat\u016bru, kas ir pieejama lejupl\u0101d\u0113\u0161anas veid\u0101 un pied\u0101v\u0101 da\u017e\u0101das veiktsp\u0113jas funkcijas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Svar\u012bgi ir nodro\u0161in\u0101t p\u0113c iesp\u0113jas liel\u0101ku serveru skaitu p\u0113c iesp\u0113jas vair\u0101k valst\u012bs, lai savienojuma dati netiktu re\u0123istr\u0113ti, p\u0113c iesp\u0113jas vair\u0101k vienlaic\u012bgu savienojumu, WireGuard atbalstu (liel\u0101kam datu apstr\u0101des \u0101trumam), SmartDNS (lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu straum\u0113\u0161anu viedaj\u0101s gala ier\u012bc\u0113s), sadal\u012btu tune\u013co\u0161anu (paral\u0113li tiek izveidots gan \u0161ifr\u0113ts VPN, gan tie\u0161s, ne\u0161ifr\u0113ts interneta savienojums, piem\u0113ram, ar viet\u0113jo printeri) un, visbeidzot, bet ne maz\u0101k svar\u012bgi, multi-hop (VPN savienojumu kask\u0101des metode, kur\u0101, piem\u0113ram, p\u0113c katras datu paketes p\u0101rs\u016bt\u012b\u0161anas tiek izveidots jauns savienojums ar viet\u0113jo printeri).(kask\u0101des VPN savienojumu metode, kur\u0101, piem\u0113ram, p\u0113c katras datu paketes p\u0101rs\u016bt\u012b\u0161anas uz n\u0101kamo serveri no jauna izveidot\u0101 un atk\u0101rtoti \u0161ifr\u0113t\u0101 VPN savienojuma nav iesp\u0113jams noteikt ne ien\u0101ko\u0161o, ne izejo\u0161o serveri ar sapr\u0101t\u012bg\u0101m p\u016bl\u0113m un \u0101trumu). Tom\u0113r pakalpojuma sniedz\u0113jam r\u016bp\u012bgi j\u0101p\u0101rbauda, vai daudzpunktu tehnolo\u0123ijas ir atjaunotas \u0161ifr\u0113\u0161anas aspekts, jo da\u017e\u0101s no t\u0101m serveris tiek main\u012bts, bet \u0161ifr\u0113\u0161ana netiek atjaunota.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Iesp\u0113jams, iz\u0161\u0137iro\u0161s punkts attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz piln\u012bgu anonimit\u0101ti: \u013coti maz pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113ju \u013cauj izmantot savus pakalpojumus bez re\u0123istr\u0101cijas vai jebk\u0101da identit\u0101tes pier\u0101d\u012bjuma, tostarp anon\u012bmu maks\u0101jumu, piem\u0113ram, Zviedrijas uz\u0146\u0113mums. <a href=\"https:\/\/mullvad.net\/de\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mullvad VPN<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u0101rg\u0101kajam pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113jam ne vienm\u0113r ir j\u0101b\u016bt lab\u0101kajam. Tom\u0113r ikvienam, kas uztur t\u016bksto\u0161iem serveru desmitiem valstu ar pie\u0146emamu \u0101trumu, dro\u0161\u012bbu un anonimit\u0101ti, ir j\u0101maks\u0101 ar\u012b attiec\u012bgi augst\u0101ka maksa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Software_VPN_Provider_%E2%80%93_eine_Auswahl\"><\/span>Programmat\u016bras VPN pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113ji - atlase<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Specializ\u0113tie \u017eurn\u0101li dod priek\u0161roku diviem VPN pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113jiem <a href=\"https:\/\/nordvpn.com\/de\/nord-site\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">NordVPN<\/a> kas atrodas Panam\u0101 un <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cyberghostvpn.com\/de_DE\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CyberGhost<\/a> Rum\u0101nij\u0101, kuras serveru t\u012bkls ir sal\u012bdzino\u0161i lab\u0101k att\u012bst\u012bts, bet datu caurlaides sp\u0113ja un straum\u0113\u0161anas iesp\u0113jas ir slikt\u0101kas. Ikviens, kam nepiecie\u0161ams \u012bpa\u0161s IP vai kas ir sp\u0113\u013cu fans, \u0161eit sa\u0146ems savu naudu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bezmaksas un \u013coti stabilu risin\u0101jumu veiktsp\u0113jas zi\u0146\u0101 pied\u0101v\u0101 <a href=\"https:\/\/hide.me\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hide.me VPN<\/a> Malaizij\u0101 un se\u0161i br\u012bvi pieejami serveri, piem\u0113ram, Somij\u0101, ar 50 MB\/s lejupiel\u0101des \u0101trumu, sadal\u012btu tune\u013co\u0161anu un piln\u012bgu IPv6 atbalstu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Saist\u012bb\u0101 ar <em>Teltonika RUTX50 mar\u0161rut\u0113t\u0101js<\/em> rezult\u0101ti ar <em>CloudConnexa<\/em> bezmaksas iesp\u0113ja izmantot l\u012bdz trim VPN savienojumiem. Vair\u0101k par to lasiet atsevi\u0161\u0137\u0101 <a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lv\/vpn-teltonika-rutx50\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"6123\">Iemaksas<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Las\u012b\u0161anas laiks<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 3<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">protokols<\/span><\/span>VPN noz\u012bm\u0113 virtu\u0101lo priv\u0101to t\u012bklu. Virtu\u0101ls, jo tas ir t\u012bkls, kas izveido savienojumu starp diviem punktiem, izmantojot da\u017e\u0101dus serverus (VPN v\u0101rtejas) \u0101r\u0113j\u0101 t\u012bkl\u0101. Piem\u0113ram, m\u0101jas birojs (A t\u012bkls) caur internetu (B t\u012bkls) ar darba dev\u0113ja t\u012bklu (C t\u012bkls). Pamatprincipi Datu \u0161ifr\u0113\u0161anu un piek\u013cuves at\u013caujas parasti nosaka attiec\u012bgais...&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lv\/blog\/2023\/12\/09\/vpn\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Las\u012bt vair\u0101k \"<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">VPN<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2039,364,2553,2714],"tags":[2725,2721,2731,914,2732,955,2726,2730,2068,2724,2716,1182,574,2043,2723,2727,954,2728,2729,2450,2722,2715,2718,2719,2720,2717],"class_list":["post-5830","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-internet","category-internet-grundlagen-fuer-dummies","category-netzwerk-technik","category-vpn","tag-cyberghost","tag-datenverschluesselung","tag-dedizierte-ip","tag-firewall","tag-gaming","tag-hardware","tag-mullvad-vpn","tag-multi-hop","tag-netzwerk","tag-nordvpn","tag-paket","tag-provider","tag-router","tag-server","tag-shellfire","tag-smartdns","tag-software","tag-split-tunneling","tag-tunneling","tag-verbindung","tag-verschluesselung","tag-vpn","tag-vpn-paket","tag-vpn-provider","tag-vpn-server","tag-vpn-verbindung"],"modified_by":"Achim Goerner","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5830","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5830"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5830\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5830"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5830"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5830"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}