{"id":12784,"date":"2026-02-18T13:51:00","date_gmt":"2026-02-18T13:51:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/?p=12784"},"modified":"2026-02-18T14:26:28","modified_gmt":"2026-02-18T14:26:28","slug":"fotobiomodulacia-pbm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/","title":{"rendered":"Fotobiomodul\u00e1cia (PBM)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_87_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Obsah<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Einleitung\" >\u00davod<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Indikationen_auf_einen_Blick\" >Preh\u013ead indik\u00e1ci\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Haut_Wundheilung_Kollagen_660_nm\" >Ko\u017ea, hojenie r\u00e1n a kolag\u00e9n (660 nm)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Ubergreifende_Reviews_Mechanismen\" >Komplexn\u00e9 recenzie a mechanizmy<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Kollagensynthese_Hautverjungung\" >Synt\u00e9za kolag\u00e9nu a omladenie poko\u017eky<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Klinische_Studien_Wundheilung_JAAD\" >Klinick\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie Hojenie r\u00e1n (JAAD)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Muskeln_Sport_Rehabilitation_850_nm\" >Svaly, \u0161port a rehabilit\u00e1cia (850 nm)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Skelettmuskelregeneration\" >Regener\u00e1cia kostrov\u00e9ho svalstva<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Meta-Analysen_Sportleistung_Muskelkater\" >Metaanal\u00fdzy \u0161portov\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu a svalovej bolesti<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Gehirn_Kognition_Neurologie_810%E2%80%931064_nm\" >Mozog, kogn\u00edcia a neurol\u00f3gia (810 - 1064 nm)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Mechanismen_allgemeine_Wirkungen\" >Mechanizmy a v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Alzheimer_Demenz\" >Alzheimerova choroba a demencia<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#TBI_Entgiftung_1064_nm\" >TBI a detoxik\u00e1cia (1 064 nm)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Schmerzmanagement\" >Lie\u010dba bolesti<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Ubergreifende_Reviews\" >Komplexn\u00e9 recenzie<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Fibromyalgie\" >Fibromyalgia<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Kniearthrose_Tendinopathie\" >Osteoartr\u00f3za a tendinopatia kolena<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Neuropathischer_Schmerz\" >Neuropatick\u00e1 boles\u0165<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Augenheilkunde_AMD\" >Oftalmol\u00f3gia (AMD)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Altersbedingte_Makuladegeneration\" >S vekom s\u00favisiaca makul\u00e1rna degener\u00e1cia<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Onkologie_Mukositis\" >Onkol\u00f3gia a mukozit\u00edda<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Leitlinien\" >Usmernenia<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Chemotherapie-induzierte_Mukositis\" >Chemoterapiou vyvolan\u00e1 mukozit\u00edda<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Kopf-Hals-Karzinome_Strahlentherapie\" >Rakovina hlavy a krku a r\u00e1dioterapia<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Immunsystem_Entzundung\" >Imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m a z\u00e1pal<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Immunmodulation\" >Imunomodul\u00e1cia<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Klinische_Empfehlungen\" >Klinick\u00e9 odpor\u00fa\u010dania<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Allgemeine_Dosierungsregeln_Konsensus\" >V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1 d\u00e1vkovania (konsenzus)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Evidenzstarke_nach_Bereich\" >Sila d\u00f4kazov pod\u013ea oblast\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Kontakt_zu_PBM-Anwendern_%E2%80%93_Arzte_Kliniken\" >Kontakt s pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013emi PBM - lek\u00e1rmi\/klinikami<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Augenheilkunde_%E2%80%93_Trockene_AMD_Makuladegeneration\" >Oftalmol\u00f3gia - such\u00e1 degener\u00e1cia makuly (AMD)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Onkologie_%E2%80%93_Orale_Mukositis_Chemo-Strahlentherapiefolge\" >Onkol\u00f3gia - z\u00e1pal \u00fastnej sliznice (d\u00f4sledok chemoterapie\/r\u00e1dioterapie)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Dermatologie_%E2%80%93_Haut_Wundheilung_Akne_Psoriasis\" >Dermatol\u00f3gia - ko\u017ea, hojenie r\u00e1n, akn\u00e9, psori\u00e1za<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Zahnmedizin_MKG-Chirurgie\" >Stomatol\u00f3gia \/ \u010de\u013eustn\u00e1 chirurgia<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Neurologie_Psychiatrie_%E2%80%93_Alzheimer_TBI_Depression_fruhe_Phase\" >Neurol\u00f3gia\/psychiatria - Alzheimerova choroba, TBI, depresia (skor\u00e1 f\u00e1za)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/#Allgemeine_Suchwerkzeuge\" >V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 vyh\u013ead\u00e1vacie n\u00e1stroje<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">\u010cas \u010d\u00edtania<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 12<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">z\u00e1pisnice<\/span><\/span>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Komplexn\u00fd preh\u013ead \u0161t\u00fadie 2023-2025<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Einleitung\"><\/span>\u00davod<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fotobiomodul\u00e1cia (PBM), zn\u00e1ma aj ako n\u00edzko\u00farov\u0148ov\u00e1 laserov\u00e1 terapia (LLLT), je neinvaz\u00edvna terapeutick\u00e1 met\u00f3da, ktor\u00e1 vyu\u017e\u00edva svetlo \u0161pecifick\u00fdch vlnov\u00fdch d\u013a\u017eok na stimul\u00e1ciu biologick\u00fdch procesov v \u017eivom tkanive.<br>Hlavn\u00fdm mechanizmom je absorpcia fot\u00f3nov mitochondri\u00e1lnym fotoakceptorom <em>Cytochr\u00f3m c oxid\u00e1za<\/em> (CCO), ktor\u00e1 je <em>Synt\u00e9za ATP<\/em> moduluje reakt\u00edvne formy kysl\u00edka a sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a kask\u00e1du procesov bunkovej regener\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Terapeuticky relevantn\u00e9 \u201eoptick\u00e9 okno\u201c je v rozmedz\u00ed 600 a\u017e 1 100 nm. Tri klinicky mimoriadne d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 vlnov\u00e9 d\u013a\u017eky s\u00fa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>660 nm<\/strong><br>H\u013abka prieniku 1-10 mm, hustota v\u00fdkonu 6-50 mW\/cm\u00b2<br>Ide\u00e1lne na poko\u017eku, hojenie r\u00e1n a povrchov\u00e9 tkaniv\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>850 nm<\/strong><br>H\u013abka prieniku do 50 mm, hustota v\u00fdkonu 50-100 mW\/cm\u00b2<br>Vhodn\u00fd na svaly, k\u013aby a hlb\u0161ie \u0161trukt\u00fary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1 050 - 1 064 nm<\/strong><br>Hlbok\u00fd prienik do tkaniva, hustota v\u00fdkonu 25-285 mW\/cm\u00b2 (transkrani\u00e1lne)<br>Relevantn\u00e9 pre neurol\u00f3giu, mozog a oftalmol\u00f3giu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00fd princ\u00edp stanovenia d\u00e1vky sa riadi <em>Arndt-Schulzova krivka<\/em> (Hormesis):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pr\u00edli\u0161 m\u00e1lo svetla nem\u00e1 \u017eiadny \u00fa\u010dinok, optim\u00e1lna d\u00e1vka stimuluje<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo m\u00e1 inhibi\u010dn\u00fd a\u017e po\u0161kodzuj\u00faci \u00fa\u010dinok na bunky.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tento dvojf\u00e1zov\u00fd vz\u0165ah vysvet\u013euje, pre\u010do je pre \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fa terapiu rozhoduj\u00faca spr\u00e1vna hustota v\u00fdkonu a hustota energie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Indikationen_auf_einen_Blick\"><\/span>Preh\u013ead indik\u00e1ci\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V nasleduj\u00facej tabu\u013eke s\u00fa zhrnut\u00e9 parametre pou\u017eit\u00e9 v klinick\u00fdch \u0161t\u00fadi\u00e1ch (vlnov\u00e1 d\u013a\u017eka, hustota v\u00fdkonu, hustota energie, trvanie, frekvencia) pre ka\u017ed\u00fa oblas\u0165 lie\u010dby. <br>Zdroje: Hamblin\/Harvard (<a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8355782\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">PMC8355782<\/a>), <a href=\"https:\/\/waltpbm.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Usmernenia WALT<\/a>, klinick\u00e9 sk\u00fa\u0161ky 2020-2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>Ozna\u010denie<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Vlnov\u00e1 d\u013a\u017eka<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Hustota v\u00fdkonu<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Hustota energie<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Trvanie \/ rel\u00e1cia<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Frekvencia<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Ko\u017ea \/ kolag\u00e9n<\/td><td>660 nm<\/td><td>6-50 mW\/cm\u00b2<\/td><td>8-16 J\/cm\u00b2<\/td><td>10-21 min<\/td><td>2-3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Hojenie r\u00e1n<\/td><td>630-660 nm<\/td><td>10-50 mW\/cm\u00b2<\/td><td>4-15 J\/cm\u00b2<\/td><td>7-20 min<\/td><td>denne - 3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Regener\u00e1cia svalov<\/td><td>808-850 nm<\/td><td>50-100 mW\/cm\u00b2<\/td><td>10-30 J\/cm\u00b2<\/td><td>5-15 min<\/td><td>priamo pred\/po \u0161porte<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Chronick\u00e1 boles\u0165<\/td><td>630-905 nm<\/td><td>40-100 mW\/cm\u00b2<\/td><td>4-10 J\/cm\u00b2<\/td><td>10-20 min<\/td><td>3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne, 6-12 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Fibromyalgia<\/td><td>630-1 100 nm (cel\u00e9 telo)<\/td><td>premenn\u00e1<\/td><td>1-150 J\/cm\u00b2<\/td><td>15-30 min<\/td><td>2-3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne, 4-6 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Osteoartr\u00f3za kolena<\/td><td>630-850 nm<\/td><td>40-80 mW\/cm\u00b2<\/td><td>4-10 J\/cm\u00b2<\/td><td>10-20 min<\/td><td>3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mozog \/ Pozn\u00e1vanie<\/td><td>810 - 1064 nm (transkrani\u00e1lne)<\/td><td>25-285 mW\/cm\u00b2<\/td><td>20-60 J\/cm\u00b2<\/td><td>10-20 min<\/td><td>3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AMD \/ Oko<\/td><td>590 + 660 + 850 nm<\/td><td>0,3-15 \u03bcW\/cm\u00b2 (sietnica)<\/td><td>Ve\u013emi n\u00edzka<\/td><td>3-10 min \/ sedenie<\/td><td>3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne a\u017e denne<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mukozit\u00edda (onkol\u00f3gia)<\/td><td>630-660 nm<\/td><td>10-25 mW\/cm\u00b2<\/td><td>2-6 J\/cm\u00b2<\/td><td>3-5 min \/ bod<\/td><td>denne po\u010das lie\u010dby<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Imunomodul\u00e1cia \/ z\u00e1pal<\/td><td>650-950 nm<\/td><td>premenn\u00e1<\/td><td>1-10 J\/cm\u00b2<\/td><td>5-15 min<\/td><td>3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Hustota v\u00fdkonu = intenzita \u017eiarenia (mW\/cm\u00b2) na povrchu tkaniva.<\/em><br><em>Hustota energie = fluencia (J\/cm\u00b2) na jedno sedenie.<\/em><br><em>AMD: Hodnoty o\u017eiarenia sietnice s\u00fa v\u00fdrazne ni\u017e\u0161ie ako hodnoty povrchu ko\u017ee.<\/em><br><em><strong>N\u00e1poveda<\/strong>Neexistuje jednotn\u00fd medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fd \u0161tandard - hodnoty odr\u00e1\u017eaj\u00fa konsenzus z metaanal\u00fdz a odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00ed WALT.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Haut_Wundheilung_Kollagen_660_nm\"><\/span>Ko\u017ea, hojenie r\u00e1n a kolag\u00e9n (660 nm)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010cerven\u00e9 svetlo s vlnovou d\u013a\u017ekou 660 nm je mimoriadne \u00fa\u010dinne absorbovan\u00e9 ko\u017en\u00fdmi chromoformi a aktivuje synt\u00e9zu kolag\u00e9nu vo fibroblastoch prostredn\u00edctvom regul\u00e1cie expresie g\u00e9nov COL1A1 a COL3A1, ako aj uvo\u013e\u0148ovania MMP-9 a NO. H\u013abka prieniku: 1 - 10 mm (epidermis, dermis, hypodermis). Dvojf\u00e1zov\u00fd priebeh d\u00e1vky je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 v\u00fdrazn\u00fd v ko\u017enom tkanive: hustota energie nad 20 J\/cm\u00b2 m\u00f4\u017ee vyvola\u0165 oxida\u010dn\u00fd stres a sp\u00e4tn\u00fa stimul\u00e1ciu kolag\u00e9nu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Parametre<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vlnov\u00e1 d\u013a\u017eka 660 nm (tie\u017e 630-680 nm)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hustota v\u00fdkonu 6-50 mW\/cm\u00b2 (LED: 6-30; laser: 30-50)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hustota energie 8-16 J\/cm\u00b2 (optim\u00e1lna)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trvanie 10-21 min | 3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Najmenej 8 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov na omladenie poko\u017eky; 4 t\u00fd\u017edne na hojenie r\u00e1n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ubergreifende_Reviews_Mechanismen\"><\/span>Komplexn\u00e9 recenzie a mechanizmy<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Od svetla k lie\u010dbe: fotobiomodula\u010dn\u00e1 terapia v lek\u00e1rskych odboroch<\/strong><br><em>Journal of Translational Medicine (2025)<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC12751248\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Komplexn\u00fd preh\u013ead kombinuj\u00faci fotofyziku, mitochondri\u00e1lnu biol\u00f3giu a klinick\u00fa rehabilit\u00e1ciu. PBM pri vlnovej d\u013a\u017eke 600 - 1 100 nm aktivuje zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fa synt\u00e9zu ATP a kontrolovan\u00fa signaliz\u00e1ciu ROS prostredn\u00edctvom CCO, ktor\u00e1 aktivuje transkrip\u010dn\u00e9 faktory (NF-\u03baB, AP-1, HIF-1\u03b1) a reguluje rastov\u00e9 faktory (TGF-\u03b2, VEGF, IGF-1). Na \u00farovni tkaniva sa podporuje prolifer\u00e1cia fibroblastov a keratinocytov, polariz\u00e1cia makrof\u00e1gov a synt\u00e9za kolag\u00e9nu. Najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00e9 d\u00e1vky pre tkaniv\u00e1 s n\u00edzkym obsahom mitochondri\u00ed (ko\u017ea, \u0161\u013eachy): Hustota v\u00fdkonu &lt; 100 mW\/cm\u00b2, hustota energie 4-10 J\/cm\u00b2 v cie\u013eovom tkanive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Odomknutie sily svetla na ko\u017ei: komplexn\u00fd preh\u013ead fotobiomodul\u00e1cie<\/strong><br><em>Int. J. Mol. Sci. (2024)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/25\/8\/4483\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Narat\u00edvny preh\u013ead klinick\u00fdch \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed (6 rokov) o PBM v dermatol\u00f3gii. Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie sa pou\u017e\u00edvala vlnov\u00e1 d\u013a\u017eka 630-950 nm. Optim\u00e1lne na omladenie poko\u017eky: 630-660 nm, 6-50 mW\/cm\u00b2, 8-16 J\/cm\u00b2, 3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne. Dvojf\u00e1zov\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok Bikini: Najlep\u0161ie v\u00fdsledky sa dosahuj\u00fa pri miernych a stredn\u00fdch d\u00e1vkach; pred\u00e1vkovanie (&gt; 20 J\/cm\u00b2 na povrchu ko\u017ee) m\u00f4\u017ee inhibova\u0165 synt\u00e9zu kolag\u00e9nu namiesto jej podpory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kollagensynthese_Hautverjungung\"><\/span>Synt\u00e9za kolag\u00e9nu a omladenie poko\u017eky<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Optimaliz\u00e1cia n\u00edzko\u00farov\u0148ovej svetelnej terapie na omladenie poko\u017eky<\/strong><br><em>SCIRP (2025)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scirp.org\/journal\/paperinformation?paperid=142513\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">RCT (s rozdelenou plochou) s 830 nm + 633 nm LED. Parametre: 6,4 mW\/cm\u00b2, 8,05 J\/cm\u00b2, 21 min\u00fat na jedno sedenie, 3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne po\u010das 4 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov. V\u00fdrazn\u00e1 redukcia vr\u00e1sok a zlep\u0161enie elasticity poko\u017eky. Hlavn\u00e9 zistenie: 3 t\u00fd\u017edenn\u00e9 sedenia boli \u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161ie ako 2 - frekvencia v\u00fdrazne ovplyvnila v\u00fdsledok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Regul\u00e1cia metabolizmu kolag\u00e9nu v ko\u017ei pomocou 660 nm LED<\/strong><br><em>Journal of Investigative Dermatology (klasick\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia)<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0022202X15341749\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Parametre<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>660 nm, pulzn\u00fd (sekven\u010dn\u00fd pulzn\u00fd re\u017eim LED)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>11 stretnut\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V\u00fdsledky<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>+31% Prokolag\u00e9n typu 1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>-18% MMP-1 v tkanivov\u00fdch biopsi\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>U &gt;90% testovan\u00fdch os\u00f4b sa zn\u00ed\u017eila h\u013abka vr\u00e1sok.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pre fotobiologick\u00fa \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 bol rozhoduj\u00faci postupn\u00fd priebeh impulzov (nie kontinu\u00e1lna vlna).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Klinische_Studien_Wundheilung_JAAD\"><\/span>Klinick\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie Hojenie r\u00e1n (JAAD)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Fotobiomodul\u00e1cia CME \u010das\u0165 II: Klinick\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie v dermatol\u00f3gii<\/strong><br><em>Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2024)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jaad.org\/article\/S0190-9622(24)00187-7\/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Konsenzus &gt;20 odborn\u00edkov (JAAD). Parametre pre diabetick\u00e9 vredy (\u00farove\u0148 d\u00f4kazov IA): 630-670 nm, 10-50 mW\/cm\u00b2, 2-6 J\/cm\u00b2, denn\u00e1 aplik\u00e1cia alebo 3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne a\u017e do uzavretia rany. Metaanal\u00fdza 12 RCT: plocha vredov -30,9%, -4,2 cm\u00b2 v porovnan\u00ed s kontrolou. Pozit\u00edvne ovplyvnen\u00e9 v\u0161etky f\u00e1zy hojenia rany (z\u00e1palov\u00e1, prolifera\u010dn\u00e1, remodela\u010dn\u00e1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00da\u010dinok terapie PBM (660 nm) na hojenie r\u00e1n infikovan\u00fdch zlat\u00fdm stafylokokom<\/strong><br><em>Fotobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg. (2020)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32466696\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0160t\u00fadia na zvierat\u00e1ch: 660 nm, 35 min\/de\u0148, 7 dn\u00ed. V\u00fdrazne men\u0161ie rany (p &lt; 0,01), viac granula\u010dn\u00e9ho tkaniva, najvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed obsah kolag\u00e9nu (stupe\u0148 3+). Markery prolifer\u00e1cie PCNA sa v\u00fdznamne zv\u00fd\u0161ili. Pozn\u00e1mka: Intenzita z\u00e1merne udr\u017eiavan\u00e1 na n\u00edzkej \u00farovni - pri infikovan\u00fdch ran\u00e1ch je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 neprekro\u010di\u0165 d\u00e1vku (&lt; 15 J\/cm\u00b2).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Muskeln_Sport_Rehabilitation_850_nm\"><\/span>Svaly, \u0161port a rehabilit\u00e1cia (850 nm)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bl\u00edzke infra\u010derven\u00e9 svetlo s vlnovou d\u013a\u017ekou 850 nm prenik\u00e1 a\u017e do h\u013abky 50 mm. Pod\u013ea metaanal\u00fdzy (Baroni a kol., 2019) je optim\u00e1lny parameter pre svalov\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie 810 nm, 100 mW\/cm\u00b2, 30 J\/cm\u00b2 - u tr\u00e9novan\u00fdch \u0161portovcov bol nameran\u00fd pr\u00edrastok sily 15%. Ak s\u00fa d\u00e1vky pr\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e9 (&gt; 50 J\/cm\u00b2, &gt; 200 mW\/cm\u00b2), \u00fa\u010dinky sa zni\u017euj\u00fa. \u0160t\u00fadia Leal-Junior a i. (2011) ur\u010dila optim\u00e1lnu d\u00e1vku pre 810 nm na 30 J celkovo (nie J\/cm\u00b2) po\u010das 6 svalov\u00fdch bodov pred tr\u00e9ningom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Parametre<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vlnov\u00e1 d\u013a\u017eka 808-850 nm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hustota v\u00fdkonu 50-100 mW\/cm\u00b2 (laser); 30-150 mW\/cm\u00b2 (LED panel)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hustota energie 10-30 J\/cm\u00b2 (\u0161portovci); 6-10 J\/cm\u00b2 (rehabilit\u00e1cia)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trvanie 5-15 min\/svalov\u00e1 skupina<br>Pou\u017e\u00edvajte priamo pred alebo po tr\u00e9ningu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3-7\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne pri intenz\u00edvnom tr\u00e9ningu; 2-3\u00d7 pri rehabilit\u00e1cii<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Skelettmuskelregeneration\"><\/span>Regener\u00e1cia kostrov\u00e9ho svalstva<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>PBMT pri regener\u00e1cii kostrov\u00e9ho svalstva: komplexn\u00fd preh\u013ead<\/strong><br><em>Fotodiagnostika a fotodynamick\u00e1 terapia (2025)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1572100025001668\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia (Baroni 2019): 810 nm, 100 mW\/cm\u00b2, 30 J\/cm\u00b2, 6 svalov\u00fdch bodov \u2192 zv\u00fd\u0161enie sily 15% u \u0161portovcov. Zn\u00ed\u017eenie IL-6 o 40% s prevent\u00edvnou PBM (5 J\/cm\u00b2 na potkan\u00edch holenn\u00fdch svaloch). Upozornenie: Parametre zo \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed na zvierat\u00e1ch (napr. 5 J\/cm\u00b2) nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 priamo prenies\u0165 na \u013eud\u00ed - \u013eudsk\u00fd \u0161tvorhlav\u00fd sval stehna vy\u017eaduje vy\u0161\u0161iu hustotu energie kv\u00f4li v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej h\u013abke tkaniva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>PBM v \u013eudskom svalovom tkanive: v\u00fdhoda pri \u0161portovom v\u00fdkone?<\/strong><br><em>J. Biophotonics (PMC) (2016)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5167494\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Systematick\u00e9 presk\u00famanie v\u0161etk\u00fdch RCT (\u00farove\u0148 1b) a \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed pr\u00edpadov a kontrol (\u00farove\u0148 3b). Naj\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161ie parametre pre aplik\u00e1ciu na biceps: 810 - 850 nm, 50 - 100 mW\/cm\u00b2, 10 - 30 J\/cm\u00b2. Naj\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161ie parametre pre kvadriceps (v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed sval, hlb\u0161ie tkanivo): potrebn\u00e9 s\u00fa vy\u0161\u0161ie energie, uprednost\u0148uj\u00fa sa klastrov\u00e9 aplik\u00e1tory (5 di\u00f3d). PBM pred tr\u00e9ningom je minim\u00e1lne rovnocenn\u00e1, \u010dasto lep\u0161ia ako aplik\u00e1cia po tr\u00e9ningu pre hodnoty sily.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Meta-Analysen_Sportleistung_Muskelkater\"><\/span>Metaanal\u00fdzy \u0161portov\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu a svalovej bolesti<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00da\u010dinky fotomodula\u010dnej terapie pri DOMS: systematick\u00fd preh\u013ead a metaanal\u00fdza<\/strong><br><em>MDPI JFMK (2025)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2411-5142\/10\/3\/277\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">14 \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed, vlnov\u00e9 d\u013a\u017eky 660-950 nm, 1-6 svalov\u00fdch bodov. Optim\u00e1lne pre zn\u00ed\u017eenie DOMS: 830-850 nm, 50-100 mW\/cm\u00b2, 6-10 J\/cm\u00b2 na bod, bezprostredne po tr\u00e9ningu. V\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zn\u00ed\u017eenie bolesti pod\u013ea VAS v porovnan\u00ed s placebom; pozit\u00edvne \u00fa\u010dinky na udr\u017eanie svalovej sily.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>M\u00f4\u017ee PBM pred cvi\u010den\u00edm zlep\u0161i\u0165 svalov\u00fa vytrvalos\u0165 a podpori\u0165 regener\u00e1ciu? Metaanal\u00fdza<\/strong><br><em>Lasery v medic\u00edne (2024)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38758297\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kreat\u00ednkin\u00e1za sa zn\u00ed\u017eila o 77,56 jednotiek (95%-KI: -112,67 a\u017e -42,44, p &lt; 0,01). Naj\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161ie parametre: 810 nm, 200 mW celkov\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu, 30 J celkovej energie do 6 bodov \u0161tvorhlav\u00e9ho svalu. Dvojf\u00e1zov\u00e9 zistenie: 50 J celkovej energie bolo menej \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch ako 30 J - jasn\u00fd pr\u00edklad Hormesovej\/Arndtovej-Schulzovej krivky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>PBM pred cvi\u010den\u00edm (810 nm): Optim\u00e1lny v\u00fdkon pre regener\u00e1ciu svalov<\/strong><br><em>Photomed Laser Surg (2017)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29099680\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">RCT s 28 futbalov\u00fdmi \u0161portovcami. Porovn\u00e1val sa v\u00fdkon 100, 200 a 400 mW na di\u00f3du (5 di\u00f3d, 810 nm). V\u00fdsledok: 100 mW\/di\u00f3da (spolu 500 mW) bolo optim\u00e1lne. Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkon (200, 400 mW) nevykazoval lep\u0161ie alebo dokonca hor\u0161ie v\u00fdsledky - klasick\u00fd pr\u00edklad: v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia hustota v\u00fdkonu nie je automaticky lep\u0161ia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00da\u010dinky PBM, IPC a NMES na regener\u00e1ciu svalov: systematick\u00fd preh\u013ead<\/strong><br><em>Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies (2025)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/40954632\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">19 RCT, 672 \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov. PBM pred tr\u00e9ningom zn\u00ed\u017eila boles\u0165 o -12,27 bodu (95%-KI -18,14 a\u017e -6,40; I\u00b2 = 48%). PBM bola jedinou met\u00f3dou (oproti IPC a NMES) s v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm pr\u00ednosom. Odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00e9 parametre: 810-850 nm, 50-100 mW\/cm\u00b2, 6-10 J\/cm\u00b2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gehirn_Kognition_Neurologie_810%E2%80%931064_nm\"><\/span>Mozog, kogn\u00edcia a neurol\u00f3gia (810 - 1064 nm)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Transkrani\u00e1lna PBM mus\u00ed prekona\u0165 nieko\u013eko biologick\u00fdch bari\u00e9r (skalp, lebe\u010dn\u00e9 kosti, mozgov\u00e9 blany, mozgovomiechov\u00fd mok, mozgov\u00fa k\u00f4ru). Po\u017eadovan\u00e1 hustota v\u00fdkonu je preto v\u00fdrazne vy\u0161\u0161ia ako pri povrchov\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch. V systematickom preh\u013eade z roku 2024 (97 \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed, 2 133 zdrojov) sa zistilo: \u0160t\u00fadie zvy\u010dajne pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa ~250 mW\/cm\u00b2 na povrchu - z \u010doho sa do mozgov\u00e9ho tkaniva dostane len zlomok. Pre kortik\u00e1lne neur\u00f3ny: optim\u00e1lna produkcia ATP pri 25 mW\/cm\u00b2, 3 J\/cm\u00b2. K po\u0161kodeniu mitochondri\u00ed do\u0161lo u\u017e pri 30 J\/cm\u00b2 (pr\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e1 d\u00e1vka = inhib\u00edcia).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Parametre<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vlnov\u00e1 d\u013a\u017eka 810 nm (kogn\u00edcia\/Alzheimerova choroba), 1 064 nm (hlbok\u00e1 penetr\u00e1cia\/TBI)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hustota v\u00fdkonu 25-285 mW\/cm\u00b2 na poko\u017eke hlavy (cie\u013eov\u00e9 tkanivo: k\u00f4ra dost\u00e1va zlomok tohto v\u00fdkonu)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hustota energie 20-60 J\/cm\u00b2 (povrch); 3 J\/cm\u00b2 v cie\u013eovom tkanive (neur\u00f3ny)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trvanie 10-20 min\u00fat | 3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne (12 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov pre RCT s Alzheimerovou chorobou)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Najmenej 8-12 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov pre kognit\u00edvne \u00fa\u010dinky; ak\u00fatne \u00fa\u010dinky od 1-2 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov pre TBI<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mechanismen_allgemeine_Wirkungen\"><\/span>Mechanizmy a v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Fotobiomodula\u010dn\u00e1 terapia mozgu: revol\u00facia v kognit\u00edvnej dynamike<\/strong><br><em>Bunky MDPI (2024)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/13\/11\/966\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PBM aktivuje cytochr\u00f3m c oxid\u00e1zu v mitochondri\u00e1ch neur\u00f3nov, zvy\u0161uje BDNF. 810 nm vykazuje silnej\u0161iu aktiv\u00e1ciu CCO ako 1 064 nm (absorp\u010dn\u00fd vrchol CCO pri ~ 810 nm). Na druhej strane 1 064 nm m\u00e1 silnej\u0161\u00ed vplyv na Ca\u00b2\u207a kan\u00e1ly. Zhoda klinick\u00fdch parametrov: 810 nm, 250 mW\/cm\u00b2 plochy, 20-60 J\/cm\u00b2, transkrani\u00e1lne na prefront\u00e1lnej k\u00f4re a tempor\u00e1lnom laloku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mozgov\u00fd PBM Narat\u00edvny preh\u013ead: Mechanizmy, d\u00e1vky, bud\u00face trendy<\/strong><br><em>PMC (Brain Photobiomodulation Review) (2018)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6041198\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 parametre: Kortik\u00e1lne neur\u00f3ny (kultivovan\u00e9): 25 mW\/cm\u00b2, optim\u00e1lna produkcia ATP pri 3 J\/cm\u00b2. Vy\u0161\u0161ie d\u00e1vky (10 J\/cm\u00b2) stimuluj\u00fa menej, 30 J\/cm\u00b2 vedie k po\u0161kodeniu mitochondri\u00ed. Pre hlb\u0161ie oblasti mozgu (baz\u00e1lne gangli\u00e1, mozgov\u00fd kme\u0148 pri Parkinsonovej chorobe): Odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00fd laser triedy 4 (10 - 15 W) namiesto triedy 3 (&lt;0,5 W), aby sa do h\u013abky dostala dostato\u010dn\u00e1 fluencia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Alzheimer_Demenz\"><\/span>Alzheimerova choroba a demencia<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>PBM mozgu: potenci\u00e1lna lie\u010dba Alzheimerovej a Parkinsonovej choroby<\/strong><br><em>PMC (2025)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC12321612\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Predklinick\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie: 808-810 nm, pulzn\u00e9 (40 Hz), denne alebo 3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne, 12 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov. Preuk\u00e1zalo sa zn\u00ed\u017eenie amyloidu beta, ox. stresu, neuroz\u00e1palu; lep\u0161ie kognit\u00edvne v\u00fdsledky na zvieracom modeli. Klinick\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia (Japonsko): pulzn\u00e9 svetlo 810 nm (40 Hz), 3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne, 12 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov, v\u00fdsledok: v\u00fdrazne zlep\u0161en\u00e9 sk\u00f3re ADAS-Cog.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Transkrani\u00e1lna PBM pri Alzheimerovej chorobe: protokol RCT (Japonsko)<\/strong><br><em>Frontiers in Neurology (2024)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC11258032\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00daplne op\u00edsan\u00e9 parametre RCT: 810 nm, pulzn\u00e1 frekvencia 40 Hz, 250 mW\/cm\u00b2, 20 min\/sekcia, 3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne, 12 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov. Merania EEG uk\u00e1zali zlep\u0161enie alfa\/beta\/gama rytmu. Prim\u00e1rny koncov\u00fd ukazovate\u013e ADAS-Cog (Alzheimerova \u0161k\u00e1la poznania). Prospekt\u00edvna falo\u0161n\u00e1 kontrolovan\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Transkrani\u00e1lna PBM zlep\u0161uje kognit\u00edvne funkcie, posttraumatick\u00fa stresov\u00fa poruchu a post-otrasov\u00e9 sympt\u00f3my<\/strong><br><em>\u010casopis Journal of Neurotrauma (2025)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/40485299\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">RCT, 17 pacientov s TBI. Parametre: 810 nm alebo 1 064 nm, 250 mW\/cm\u00b2, 20 J\/cm\u00b2, 10 min\/session. V\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zlep\u0161enie kognit\u00edvnych funkci\u00ed, posttraumatickej stresovej poruchy a sympt\u00f3mov po otrase. Kontrolovan\u00e9 placebom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TBI_Entgiftung_1064_nm\"><\/span>TBI a detoxik\u00e1cia (1 064 nm)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1064 nm PBM podporuje zotavenie po TBI prostredn\u00edctvom modul\u00e1cie neuroz\u00e1palu<\/strong><br><em>Journal of Translational Medicine (2025)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/41204266\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Model my\u0161i: 1 064 nm LED, 25 mW\/cm\u00b2, 12 min\/de\u0148 (= 18 J\/cm\u00b2), 14 dn\u00ed. V\u00fdrazn\u00e9 zotavenie po TBI, zmiernenie kognit\u00edvnych a emocion\u00e1lnych por\u00fach. BDNF a VEGF sa v\u00fdznamne zv\u00fd\u0161ili v o\u0161etrovanej oblasti. Mechanizmus: Modul\u00e1cia polariz\u00e1cie mikroglie a neuroz\u00e1palu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>PBM a glymfatick\u00fd syst\u00e9m: zlep\u0161enie lymfatickej dren\u00e1\u017ee mozgu<\/strong><br><em>Int. J. Mol. Sci. (2022)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8950470\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0160t\u00fadie na zvierat\u00e1ch: PBM (810 nm, 25-50 mW\/cm\u00b2) zlep\u0161uje meninge\u00e1lny lymfatick\u00fd tok, podporuje kl\u00edrens amyloidu beta prostredn\u00edctvom glymfatick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Terapeutick\u00fd v\u00fdznam: Detoxika\u010dn\u00e1 funkcia mozgu - d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pre prevenciu Alzheimerovej choroby a celkov\u00e9 zdravie mozgu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Schmerzmanagement\"><\/span>Lie\u010dba bolesti<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PBM m\u00e1 analgetick\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok prostredn\u00edctvom nieko\u013ek\u00fdch mechanizmov: zn\u00ed\u017eenie proz\u00e1palov\u00fdch cytok\u00ednov (TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, IL-1\u03b2), modul\u00e1cia nocicept\u00edvnych C a A\u03b4 vl\u00e1kien, zv\u00fd\u0161enie uvo\u013e\u0148ovania endorf\u00ednu a zlep\u0161enie lok\u00e1lnej mikrocirkul\u00e1cie. Pre povrchov\u00e9 bolestiv\u00e9 body (citliv\u00e9 body, sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165acie body): posta\u010duje vlnov\u00e1 d\u013a\u017eka 630-660 nm. Pre hlb\u0161ie muskuloskelet\u00e1lne \u0161trukt\u00fary (k\u013aby, chrbtica): 780-905 nm s vy\u0161\u0161ou hustotou v\u00fdkonu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Parametre<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vlnov\u00e1 d\u013a\u017eka 630-905 nm (v z\u00e1vislosti od h\u013abky bolestiv\u00e9ho miesta)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hustota v\u00fdkonu 40-100 mW\/cm\u00b2 (povrchov\u00e1: 40-60; hlbok\u00e1: 60-100)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hustota energie 4-10 J\/cm\u00b2 na bod (pri fibromyalgii: do 150 J\/cm\u00b2 na cel\u00e9 telo)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trvanie 10-20 min\/semin\u00e1r<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Frekvencia 3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne, 6-12 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov; fibromyalgia: 4-6 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov intenz\u00edvne + n\u00e1sledn\u00e1 kontrola<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ubergreifende_Reviews\"><\/span>Komplexn\u00e9 recenzie<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00da\u010dinky PBM na viacer\u00e9 zdravotn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky: S\u00fahrnn\u00fd preh\u013ead RCT<\/strong><br><em>Systematick\u00e9 preh\u013eady (Springer) (2025)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13643-025-02902-3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">15 metaanal\u00fdz, &gt; 9 000 pacientov, 35 koncov\u00fdch bodov, 15 ochoren\u00ed. Najsilnej\u0161ie d\u00f4kazy pre fibromyalgiu, postihnutie pri osteoartr\u00f3ze kolena a kognit\u00edvne poruchy. Protokoly PBM sa ve\u013emi l\u00ed\u0161ili - neexistuje jednotn\u00fd \u0161tandard, \u010do s\u0165a\u017euje porovnate\u013enos\u0165. Kvalita GRADE: 17% stredn\u00e1, 57% n\u00edzka, 26% ve\u013emi n\u00edzka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>PBM pri chronickej bolesti: systematick\u00fd preh\u013ead RCT<\/strong><br><em>Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience (2026)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/integrative-neuroscience\/articles\/10.3389\/fnint.2026.1717372\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">14 RCT, 6 611 kontrolovan\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nkov. Najsilnej\u0161ie v\u00fdsledky v pr\u00edpade fibromyalgie a perif\u00e9rnych neuropati\u00ed: v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zn\u00ed\u017eenie VAS (p = 0,010), v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zn\u00ed\u017eenie citliv\u00fdch bodov (p &lt; 0,0001). Odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00e9 parametre pre neuropatick\u00fa boles\u0165: 660-830 nm, 40-80 mW\/cm\u00b2, 4-6 J\/cm\u00b2, 3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fibromyalgie\"><\/span>Fibromyalgia<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00da\u010dinnos\u0165 PBMT pri fibromyalgii: systematick\u00fd preh\u013ead (17 \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed)<\/strong><br><em>MDPI Applied Sciences (2025)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-3417\/15\/8\/4161\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">857 \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov. Pou\u017eit\u00e9 zariadenia: n\u00edzko\u00farov\u0148ov\u00fd laser, infra\u010derven\u00e1 LED di\u00f3da, sveteln\u00e9 l\u00f4\u017eka na cel\u00e9 telo (NovoTHOR). Celotelov\u00e1 PBM (630 - 1 100 nm, variabiln\u00e1 fluencia 1 - 150 J\/cm\u00b2) bola prinajmen\u0161om rovnocenn\u00e1 s lok\u00e1lnou PBM. Mechanizmus: Modul\u00e1cia oxida\u010dn\u00e9ho stresu, mitochondri\u00e1lnej funkcie a nocicept\u00edvnych sign\u00e1lnych dr\u00e1h. Odpor\u00fa\u010danie: Celotelov\u00fd pr\u00edstup sa uprednost\u0148uje v pr\u00edpade roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fdch bolestiv\u00fdch bodov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Celotelov\u00e1 PBM na boles\u0165, QoL, kineziof\u00f3biu: trojito zaslepen\u00e1 RCT, 6 mesiacov sledovania<\/strong><br><em>Frontiers in Neuroscience (2024)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/neuroscience\/articles\/10.3389\/fnins.2024.1264821\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">42 pacientov, celotelov\u00e9 l\u00f4\u017eko NovoTHOR (660 + 850 nm, vlastn\u00e1 hustota v\u00fdkonu). 12 lie\u010debn\u00fdch seden\u00ed. V\u00fdrazn\u00e9 zn\u00ed\u017eenie bolesti v T2 (po lie\u010dbe), T3 (2-t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov\u00e9 sledovanie) a T4\/T5 (3 a 6 mesiacov). Celotelov\u00e1 PBM rie\u0161i syst\u00e9mov\u00fa patol\u00f3giu fibromyalgie \u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161ie ako selekt\u00edvna aplik\u00e1cia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kniearthrose_Tendinopathie\"><\/span>Osteoartr\u00f3za a tendinopatia kolena<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>PBM pri osteoartr\u00f3ze kolena: systematick\u00fd preh\u013ead a metaanal\u00fdza (10 RCT)<\/strong><br><em>Fyzik\u00e1lna terapia (2024)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38775202\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">542 \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov. Naj\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161ie parametre: 810-830 nm, 50-100 mW\/cm\u00b2, 4-10 J\/cm\u00b2 na priestor kolenn\u00e9ho k\u013abu, 10-20 min, 3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne. Mierne d\u00f4kazy o zn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed bolesti a zlep\u0161en\u00ed funk\u010dnosti. Pozn\u00e1mka: Kolenn\u00fd k\u013ab je hlb\u0161ie ako povrch ko\u017ee - preto sa uprednost\u0148uje 810-850 nm (hlb\u0161\u00ed prienik) pred 660 nm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Neuropathischer_Schmerz\"><\/span>Neuropatick\u00e1 boles\u0165<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>PBM pri neuropatickej bolesti: mechanizmy, d\u00f4kazy a bud\u00face smery<\/strong><br><em>Hranice vo fotonike (2025)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/photonics\/articles\/10.3389\/fphot.2025.1730347\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">660 nm aktivuje in\u00e9 fotoakceptory ako 810-850 nm. Pre povrchov\u00fa neuropatiu (napr. postherpetick\u00e1 neuralgia): 660 nm, 20-50 mW\/cm\u00b2, 4-6 J\/cm\u00b2. Pre hlbok\u00fa neuropatiu (napr. diabetick\u00e1 polyneuropatia n\u00f4h): 810-830 nm, 50-100 mW\/cm\u00b2, 6-10 J\/cm\u00b2. Mechanizmus: PBM vyvol\u00e1va neuroprotekciu prostredn\u00edctvom synt\u00e9zy BDNF a potla\u010denia neuroz\u00e1palu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Augenheilkunde_AMD\"><\/span>Oftalmol\u00f3gia (AMD)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pre o\u010dn\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie (najm\u00e4 pre AMD) platia osobitn\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1 d\u00e1vkovania: O\u017eiarenie sietnice (to, \u010do skuto\u010dne dosiahne sietnicu) je drasticky ni\u017e\u0161ie ako hustota v\u00fdkonu zariadenia. Zariadenia, ako s\u00fa fotobiomodula\u010dn\u00e9 okuliare (LumiThera), vy\u017earuj\u00fa svetlo cez zrenicu - priamo na makulu. Preto m\u00f4\u017ee sta\u010di\u0165 u\u017e 0,3-15 \u03bcW\/cm\u00b2 o\u017eiarenia sietnice. Upozornenie: Nespr\u00e1vne d\u00e1vkovanie m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 po\u0161kodenie sietnice. Pou\u017e\u00edvajte len schv\u00e1len\u00e9 oftalmologick\u00e9 zariadenia PBM!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Parametre<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vlnov\u00e1 d\u013a\u017eka 590 nm + 660 nm + 850 nm (viacvlnov\u00e1 d\u013a\u017eka, napr. LIGHTSITE III)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hustota v\u00fdkonu 0,3-15 \u03bcW\/cm\u00b2 (sietnica); povrch zariadenia ~600 \u03bcW\/cm\u00b2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ve\u013emi n\u00edzka hustota energie, starostlivo kalibrovan\u00e1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trvanie 3-10 min\/sez\u00f3nu, 3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne po\u010das 3-13 mesiacov<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dlhodob\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvanie; kontrola ka\u017ed\u00e9 3 mesiace<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Altersbedingte_Makuladegeneration\"><\/span>S vekom s\u00favisiaca makul\u00e1rna degener\u00e1cia<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>LIGHTSITE III: PBM (590+660+850 nm) so such\u00fdm AMD<\/strong><br><em>RETINA Journal (2024)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/retinajournal\/fulltext\/2024\/03000\/lightsite_iii__13_month_efficacy_and_safety.14.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">100 pacientov, 10 americk\u00fdch centier, 13 mesiacov. Zariadenie: LumiThera Valeda Light Delivery System. Vlnov\u00e9 d\u013a\u017eky: postupne 590 + 660 + 850 nm. Lie\u010dba: 3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne po\u010das 3 mesiacov, potom opakovan\u00e9 cykly lie\u010dby. V\u00fdsledok: Zrakov\u00e1 ostros\u0165 +5,4 p\u00edsmena (ETDRS) oproti falo\u0161nej, &lt;1% novej geografickej atrofie oproti 9,8% vo falo\u0161nom ramene - \u0161tatisticky vysoko v\u00fdznamn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>PBM4AMD: Kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 pri v\u010dasnej\/strednej forme AMD<\/strong><br><em>Oko (pr\u00edroda) (2024)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41433-024-03326-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">38 \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov, 12 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov. Parametre: Viacvlnov\u00e1 d\u013a\u017eka (podobn\u00e1 ako pri LIGHTSITE), 10 min\/sez\u00f3nu, 3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne. Zrakov\u00e1 ostros\u0165, citlivos\u0165 na kontrast a adapt\u00e1cia na tmu sa v\u00fdrazne zlep\u0161ili. Bezpe\u010dnos\u0165: \u017eiadne tepeln\u00e9 ani \u0161truktur\u00e1lne ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky na sietnicu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pou\u017e\u00edvanie PBM v oftalmol\u00f3gii: od stola k l\u00f4\u017eku pacienta<\/strong><br><em>Frontiers in Ophthalmology (2024)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/ophthalmology\/articles\/10.3389\/fopht.2024.1388602\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vysvet\u013euje zlo\u017eit\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu s parametrami v oftalmol\u00f3gii: rozhoduj\u00faca je intenzita \u017eiarenia sietnice, nie v\u00fdkon pr\u00edstroja. R\u00f4zne \u0161t\u00fadie AMD s vlnovou d\u013a\u017ekou 630 nm uk\u00e1zali v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zlep\u0161enie sietnice u\u017e pri 15 \u03bcW\/cm\u00b2. \u017diadne ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky po\u010das 15 rokov pri spr\u00e1vnom d\u00e1vkovan\u00ed - d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9: pou\u017e\u00edvajte len kalibrovan\u00e9 zdravotn\u00edcke pom\u00f4cky so schv\u00e1len\u00edm pre konkr\u00e9tne o\u010di.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Onkologie_Mukositis\"><\/span>Onkol\u00f3gia a mukozit\u00edda<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z\u00e1pal \u00fastnej sliznice je naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edm ak\u00fatnym ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00edm \u00fa\u010dinkom chemoterapie\/r\u00e1dioterapie. PBM sa aplikuje intraor\u00e1lne na \u00fastnu sliznicu ako prevent\u00edvne opatrenie (pred a po\u010das onkologickej lie\u010dby). Pod\u013ea usmernen\u00ed MASCC\/ISOO (2019) je PBM jedinou nefarmakologickou intervenciou s form\u00e1lnym odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00edm (\u00farove\u0148 A) na prevenciu mukozit\u00eddy pri transplant\u00e1cii krvotvorn\u00fdch kme\u0148ov\u00fdch buniek. Vlnov\u00e1 d\u013a\u017eka a d\u00e1vkovanie s\u00fa v tejto oblasti najviac \u0161tandardizovan\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Parametre<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vlnov\u00e1 d\u013a\u017eka 630-660 nm (intraor\u00e1lne); 650 + 980 nm (kombinovan\u00e9 intra+extraor\u00e1lne)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hustota v\u00fdkonu 10-25 mW\/cm\u00b2 (MASCC\/ISOO odpor\u00fa\u010da InGaAlP lasery 10-25 mW)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hustota energie 2-6 J\/cm\u00b2 na bod sliznice<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trvanie 3-5 min\/bod<br>Pou\u017e\u00edvajte denne alebo striedavo po\u010das lie\u010dby rakoviny<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Frekvencia Denne po\u010das chemoterapie\/r\u00e1dioterapie; najmenej 5\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Leitlinien\"><\/span>Usmernenia<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Usmernenia pre klinick\u00fa prax MASCC\/ISOO pre PBM a mukozit\u00eddu \u00fastnej dutiny<\/strong><br><em>Podporn\u00e1 starostlivos\u0165 o rakovinu (2019)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00520-019-04890-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Form\u00e1lne odpor\u00fa\u010danie (najvy\u0161\u0161ia \u00farove\u0148 d\u00f4kazov): Vlnov\u00e1 d\u013a\u017eka 632-685 nm (He-Ne alebo InGaAlP), v\u00fdkon 10-25 mW, hustota energie 2-4 J\/cm\u00b2 na bod aplik\u00e1cie, intraor\u00e1lne na chor\u00e9 miesta. Frekvencia: denne po\u010das chemoterapie. Uplat\u0148uje sa pri: transplant\u00e1cii krvotvorn\u00fdch kme\u0148ov\u00fdch buniek, chemor\u00e1dioterapii hlavy a krku. \u017diadne v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky po 15 rokoch sledovania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chemotherapie-induzierte_Mukositis\"><\/span>Chemoterapiou vyvolan\u00e1 mukozit\u00edda<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Prevent\u00edvna PBM pri chemoterapiou vyvolanej mukozit\u00edde \u00fastnej dutiny: systematick\u00fd preh\u013ead RCT<\/strong><br><em>MDPI Biomedicines (2025)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9059\/13\/2\/268\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">13 \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed, 828 pacientov. Pou\u017eit\u00e9 parametre: 630-660 nm InGaAlP di\u00f3dov\u00fd laser, 10-25 mW, 2-6 J\/cm\u00b2, intraor\u00e1lne denne. U 211 vs. 128 pacientov sa vyvinula mukozit\u00edda (kontrola vs. PBM). 85% \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed malo n\u00edzke riziko skreslenia. Prevent\u00edvna PBM bola v\u00fdznamne lep\u0161ia ako reakt\u00edvna lie\u010dba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>PBM prekondicioning pri mukozit\u00edde \u00fastnej dutiny: dvojito zaslepen\u00e1 RCT<\/strong><br><em>BMC Oral Health (2025)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC11800611\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">45 pacientov, 3 skupiny. Skupina 2: intraor\u00e1lne 650 nm (4 J\/cm\u00b2). Skupina 3: intraor\u00e1lne 650 nm + extraor\u00e1lne 980 nm. Obe interven\u010dn\u00e9 skupiny vykazovali v\u00fdznamn\u00fa prevenciu mukozit\u00eddy a xerost\u00f3mie. V\u00fdsledok: Kombin\u00e1cia \u010derven\u00e9ho + infra\u010derven\u00e9ho svetla (650 + 980 nm) maxim\u00e1lne \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 na celkov\u00e9 pokrytie \u00fastnej dutiny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kopf-Hals-Karzinome_Strahlentherapie\"><\/span>Rakovina hlavy a krku a r\u00e1dioterapia<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>PBM na lie\u010dbu mukozit\u00eddy \u00fastnej dutiny pri rakovine hlavy a krku: Metaanal\u00fdza 14 RCT<\/strong><br><em>Hlava a krk (Wiley) (2024)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38265122\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">869 pacientov. Anal\u00fdza parametrov: He-Ne a InGaAlP laser (630-660 nm), 10-25 mW, 2-6 J\/cm\u00b2, denn\u00e1 aplik\u00e1cia po\u010das r\u00e1dioterapie uk\u00e1zala najlep\u0161ie v\u00fdsledky. Relat\u00edvne zn\u00ed\u017eenie rizika mukozit\u00eddy: RR = 0,49 (p = 0,04) od 2. t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148a. Zn\u00ed\u017eenie bolesti: WMD = -1,09 (p &lt; 0,00001). Vysoko v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 po\u010das 7 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov r\u00e1dioterapie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Immunsystem_Entzundung\"><\/span>Imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m a z\u00e1pal<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PBM ovplyv\u0148uje imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m v z\u00e1vislosti od kontextu: V zap\u00e1lenom tkanive m\u00e1 protiz\u00e1palov\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok (zni\u017euje TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, IL-1\u03b2; podporuje polariz\u00e1ciu makrof\u00e1gov M2), v zdravom tkanive m\u00e1 stimula\u010dn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok. Imunomodula\u010dn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok sa preuk\u00e1zal v r\u00e1mci optick\u00e9ho okna (650 - 950 nm), s d\u00e1vkov\u00fdm koridorom 1 - 10 J\/cm\u00b2. D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9: Tieto d\u00e1vky s\u00fa v\u00fdrazne ni\u017e\u0161ie ako pri svalov\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch - imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m reaguje citlivej\u0161ie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Parametre<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vlnov\u00e1 d\u013a\u017eka 650-950 nm (naj\u0161ir\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 spektrum; odpor\u00fa\u010da sa kombin\u00e1cia 660 + 850 nm)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hustota v\u00fdkonu 20-80 mW\/cm\u00b2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hustota energie 1-10 J\/cm\u00b2 (imunomodul\u00e1cia)<br>Vy\u0161\u0161ie d\u00e1vky m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 imunosupres\u00edvny \u00fa\u010dinok<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trvanie 5-15 min\/semin\u00e1r<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne; pri ak\u00fatnom z\u00e1pale denne po\u010das prv\u00e9ho t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Immunmodulation\"><\/span>Imunomodul\u00e1cia<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Imunomodula\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky PBM: komplexn\u00fd preh\u013ead<\/strong><br><em>Lasery v medic\u00edne (2025)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC11991943\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Optim\u00e1lne parametre pre imunomodul\u00e1ciu: 650-950 nm, 20-80 mW\/cm\u00b2, 1-10 J\/cm\u00b2. PBM ovplyv\u0148uje dendritick\u00e9 bunky (migr\u00e1cia, produkcia cytok\u00ednov), podporuje polariz\u00e1ciu makrof\u00e1gov M2 a reguluje odpovede T-buniek. D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 zistenie: Len 1 J\/cm\u00b2 sta\u010d\u00ed na merate\u013en\u00e9 imunologick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky - \u010do je v\u00fdrazne pod d\u00e1vkami odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00fdmi pre svaly\/kosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00da\u010dinnos\u0165 lie\u010dby PBM pri lie\u010dbe bolesti a z\u00e1palu: preh\u013ead literat\u00fary<\/strong><br><em>PMC (2023)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10094541\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PBM 600-1 070 nm, hustota energie 1-150 J\/cm\u00b2. Optim\u00e1lne na potla\u010denie z\u00e1palu: 780-950 nm, 40-80 mW\/cm\u00b2, 4-10 J\/cm\u00b2, 3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne. Celotelov\u00e1 PBM preuk\u00e1zala syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 imunitn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky: zlep\u0161enie kvality sp\u00e1nku, rannej stuhnutosti, zn\u00ed\u017eenie svalov\u00fdch k\u0155\u010dov, psychologick\u00e9 faktory. Obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pri chronick\u00fdch z\u00e1palov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch ochoreniach (napr. fibromyalgia, RA).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Preh\u013ead sveteln\u00fdch parametrov a \u00fa\u010dinnosti PBM (Hamblin, Harvard)<\/strong><br><em>J. Biomed. Optics (PMC) (2021)<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8355782\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cel\u00fd text \/ PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce na ur\u010denie parametrov (Hamblin\/Harvard). Hlavn\u00e9 vyhl\u00e1senie: Neexistuje v\u0161eobecn\u00e1 dohoda o optim\u00e1lnych parametroch - hustota v\u00fdkonu &lt; 100 mW\/cm\u00b2 a hustota energie 4-10 J\/cm\u00b2 v cie\u013eovom tkanive sa pova\u017euj\u00fa za konsenzus pre konzervat\u00edvne odpor\u00fa\u010danie. Dvojf\u00e1zov\u00e1 d\u00e1vkov\u00e1 odozva (Arndt-Schulz): stimul\u00e1cia buniek medzi 0,5 - 10 J\/cm\u00b2, inhib\u00edcia nad ~ 30 J\/cm\u00b2. Tkaniv\u00e1 s vysok\u00fdm obsahom mitochondri\u00ed (sval, nerv, srdce, mozog) vy\u017eaduj\u00fa viac energie ako tkaniv\u00e1 s n\u00edzkym obsahom mitochondri\u00ed (ko\u017ea, \u0161\u013eachy, chrupavky).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Klinische_Empfehlungen\"><\/span>Klinick\u00e9 odpor\u00fa\u010dania<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fotobiomodul\u00e1cia je prvou neinvaz\u00edvnou lie\u010debnou met\u00f3dou s preuk\u00e1zanou klinickou \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165ou v najmenej 7 r\u00f4znych medic\u00ednskych odboroch. Sila d\u00f4kazov sa l\u00ed\u0161i: Najspo\u013eahlivej\u0161ie \u00fadaje sa t\u00fdkaj\u00fa z\u00e1palu \u00fastnej sliznice (usmernenie MASCC\/ISOO), hojenia r\u00e1n (metaanal\u00fdzy LoE I) a regener\u00e1cie svalov v \u0161porte. Oblasti mozgu\/neurol\u00f3gie a AMD s\u00fa ve\u013emi s\u013eubn\u00e9, ale st\u00e1le sa vyv\u00edjaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Allgemeine_Dosierungsregeln_Konsensus\"><\/span>V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1 d\u00e1vkovania (konsenzus)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Absorbovan\u00e1 d\u00e1vka<\/strong><br>5-50 Joulov celkovo na jedno sedenie (odpor\u00fa\u010danie: ~25 J)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Vlnov\u00e1 d\u013a\u017eka na cie\u013e<\/strong><br>660 nm pre poko\u017eku\/povrch<br>810-850 nm pre svaly\/k\u013aby\/hlbok\u00e9 tkanivo<br>1 050 - 1 064 nm pre mozog<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hustota v\u00fdkonu na h\u013abku<\/strong><br>Ko\u017ea 6-50 mW\/cm\u00b2<br>Svaly 50-100 mW\/cm\u00b2<br>Mozog (transkrani\u00e1lne) 25-285 mW\/cm\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pozorujte bif\u00e1zick\u00e9 javy<\/strong><br>Vy\u0161\u0161ie d\u00e1vky nie s\u00fa automaticky lep\u0161ie.<br>- Ko\u017ea: max. 20 J\/cm\u00b2<br>- Neur\u00f3ny: max. 10 J\/cm\u00b2 na cie\u013eovom tkanive<br>- pre svaly: max. 30-50 J\/cm\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kombinovan\u00e9 zariadenia<\/strong> - 660 + 850 nm pon\u00fakaj\u00fa naj\u0161ir\u0161ie spektrum; vy\u017eaduj\u00fa ~ 50% viac \u010dasu na o\u0161etrenie<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Interval lie\u010dby<\/strong><br>Denne a\u017e 3\u00d7 t\u00fd\u017edenne; odpor\u00fa\u010da sa prest\u00e1vka ka\u017ed\u00e9 1-2 dni na obnovu buniek<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Evidenzstarke_nach_Bereich\"><\/span>Sila d\u00f4kazov pod\u013ea oblast\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ve\u013emi siln\u00e9 (LoE I, usmernenia WALT\/MASCC)<\/strong><br>- Mukozit\u00edda pri rakovine<br>- Hojenie r\u00e1n<br>- Kolag\u00e9n\/ko\u017ea<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Siln\u00e9 (LoE I, metaanal\u00fdzy)<\/strong><br>- Regener\u00e1cia svalov<br>- Fibromyalgia<br>- SPOLO\u010cNOS\u0164 AMD<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mierne (LoE II, RCT)<\/strong><br>- Osteoartr\u00f3za kolena<br>- neuropatick\u00e1 boles\u0165<br>- Pozn\u00e1vanie (transkrani\u00e1lne)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V\u010dasn\u00e9 (predklinick\u00e9\/pilotn\u00e9)<\/strong><br>- Detoxik\u00e1cia, lymfatick\u00fd syst\u00e9m<br>- Dlhodob\u00e9 pre\u017e\u00edvanie rakoviny<br>- 1 064 nm hlbok\u00e9 mozgov\u00e9 \u0161trukt\u00fary<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kontakt_zu_PBM-Anwendern_%E2%80%93_Arzte_Kliniken\"><\/span>Kontakt s pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013emi PBM - lek\u00e1rmi\/klinikami<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Augenheilkunde_%E2%80%93_Trockene_AMD_Makuladegeneration\"><\/span>Oftalmol\u00f3gia - such\u00e1 degener\u00e1cia makuly (AMD)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ide o klinicky najpokro\u010dilej\u0161iu a regula\u010dne bezpe\u010dn\u00fa oblas\u0165. Zariadenie&nbsp;<strong>Valeda (LumiThera)<\/strong>&nbsp;m\u00e1 certifik\u00e1t CE a je schv\u00e1len\u00fd v Eur\u00f3pe od roku 2018; schv\u00e1len\u00fd FDA od novembra 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Poskytovate\u013e<\/th><th>Umiestnenie<\/th><th>Odkaz<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Centrum pre makul\u00e1rnu sietnicu<\/strong>&nbsp;(Prof. Dr. Hakan Kaymak - jeden z najsk\u00fasenej\u0161\u00edch pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov na svete, vykon\u00e1va ~10 % v\u0161etk\u00fdch PBM z\u00e1krokov na svete)<\/td><td>D\u00fcsseldorf<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/augenchirurgie.clinic\/behandlungen\/photobiomodulation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">oftalmochirurgia.klinika<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Oftalmol\u00f3g Witten<\/strong>&nbsp;(Dr. Riha) - jedna z prv\u00fdch ordin\u00e1ci\u00ed v Nemecku<\/td><td>Witten \/ NRW<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.augenarzt-witten.de\/photobiomodulation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">augenarzt-witten.de<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Oftalmol\u00f3g Mn\u00edchov<\/strong>&nbsp;(Dr. Augsten)<\/td><td>Mn\u00edchov<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.augenarzt-muc.de\/netzhaut\/behandlung\/valeda\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">oftalmol\u00f3g-muc.de<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Oftalmol\u00f3govia Gerl a kol.<\/strong>&nbsp;(program Valeda)<\/td><td>Mn\u00edchov<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.augenklinik.de\/behandlung\/valeda\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">eyeclinic.com<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Dr. Riha Oftalmol\u00f3gia<\/strong><\/td><td>Viede\u0148 \/ AT<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/dr-riha.com\/photobiomodulation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dr-riha.com<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Oftalmol\u00f3govia Bern<\/strong>&nbsp;(CH)<\/td><td>Bern \/ CH<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.augenaerzte-bern.ch\/leistungen\/photobiomodulation-bei-altersbedingter-makuladegeneration\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">oftalmol\u00f3govia-bern.ch<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>O\u010dn\u00e1 klinika Bern<\/strong>&nbsp;(Prof. Garweg)<\/td><td>Bern \/ CH<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/augenklinik-bern.ch\/fachpublikum\/amd-sprechstunde\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">eye-clinic-bern.ch<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pozn\u00e1mka:<\/strong>\u00a0Tieto n\u00e1klady vo v\u0161eobecnosti nie s\u00fa hraden\u00e9 zo z\u00e1konn\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00e9ho poistenia (IGeL).<br>Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 LumiThera pon\u00faka na svojej webovej str\u00e1nke vyh\u013ead\u00e1va\u010d \u010fal\u0161\u00edch centier Valeda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Onkologie_%E2%80%93_Orale_Mukositis_Chemo-Strahlentherapiefolge\"><\/span>Onkol\u00f3gia - z\u00e1pal \u00fastnej sliznice (d\u00f4sledok chemoterapie\/r\u00e1dioterapie)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PBM na prevenciu a lie\u010dbu z\u00e1palu \u00fastnej sliznice je zalo\u017een\u00e1 na usmerneniach (MASCC\/ISOO) a \u010doraz viac sa za\u010dle\u0148uje do programov onkologickej podpornej starostlivosti. Eur\u00f3pske klinick\u00e9 usmernenie bolo prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t vytvoren\u00e9 v rokoch 2025\/2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Poskytovate\u013e<\/th><th>N\u00e1poveda<\/th><th>Odkaz<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>rj-laser.com<\/strong>&nbsp;- Platforma pre zubn\u00fa laserov\u00fa terapiu s klinick\u00fdmi protokolmi pre z\u00e1pal slizn\u00edc<\/td><td>\u0160pecializovan\u00fd port\u00e1l DE\/AT\/CH<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/rj-laser.com\/de\/lasertherapie-mukositis-chemotherapieinduziert\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rj-laser.com<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Informa\u010dn\u00e1 slu\u017eba o rakovine (KID)<\/strong><\/td><td>D\u00f4razne odpor\u00fa\u010da PBM ako mo\u017enos\u0165 pri mukozit\u00edde v r\u00e1mci podpornej lie\u010dby<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.krebsinformationsdienst.de\/fileadmin\/pdf-dateien\/informationsblaetter\/iblatt-mukositis-bei-krebs.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">krebsinformationsdienst.de<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Konkr\u00e9tne kliniky v Nemecku, ktor\u00e9 be\u017ene pon\u00fakaj\u00fa PBM na lie\u010dbu mukozit\u00eddy, to zriedkavo explicitne zverej\u0148uj\u00fa na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nkach pre pacientov. Lie\u010dba sa zvy\u010dajne uskuto\u010d\u0148uje ako s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 stomatologickej podpornej starostlivosti vo ve\u013ek\u00fdch onkologick\u00fdch centr\u00e1ch (napr. univerzitn\u00e9 nemocnice).<br>Odpor\u00fa\u010da sa kontaktova\u0165 o\u0161etruj\u00face onkologick\u00e9 centrum alebo maxilofaci\u00e1lneho chirurga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dermatologie_%E2%80%93_Haut_Wundheilung_Akne_Psoriasis\"><\/span>Dermatol\u00f3gia - ko\u017ea, hojenie r\u00e1n, akn\u00e9, psori\u00e1za<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PBM s pou\u017eit\u00edm LED svetelnej terapie je zaveden\u00e1 v mnoh\u00fdch dermatologick\u00fdch ordin\u00e1ci\u00e1ch a estetick\u00fdch klinik\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Poskytovate\u013e<\/th><th>Umiestnenie<\/th><th>Odkaz<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Dermatol\u00f3gia Dr. Friedl<\/strong>&nbsp;- LED sveteln\u00e1 terapia (Medisol\u00ae) na akn\u00e9, vitiligo, psori\u00e1zu, starnutie ko\u017ee, rakovinu bielej ko\u017ee (PDT)<\/td><td>Rak\u00fasko<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dermatologie-friedl.de\/leistungen\/aesthetische-medizin\/led-lichttherapie-mit-medisol-lampe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dermatology-friedl.com<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Okrem toho mnoh\u00e9 estetick\u00e9 dermatologick\u00e9 ordin\u00e1cie a laserov\u00e9 centr\u00e1 v Nemecku pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa PBM (napr. so syst\u00e9mami Fotona). Odpor\u00fa\u010dame vyh\u013eada\u0165 \u201edermatol\u00f3gia s LED svetelnou terapiou\u201c alebo \u201edermatol\u00f3g s PBM\u201c s uveden\u00edm lokality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zahnmedizin_MKG-Chirurgie\"><\/span>Stomatol\u00f3gia \/ \u010de\u013eustn\u00e1 chirurgia<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PBM sa \u0161iroko pou\u017e\u00edva v zubnom lek\u00e1rstve, napr. pri bolesti temporomandibul\u00e1rneho k\u013abu (CMD), poopera\u010dnom hojen\u00ed r\u00e1n, implant\u00e1toch a z\u00e1pale slizn\u00edc. Ortodonti pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa napr.&nbsp;<strong>Zariadenie OrthoPulse\u00ae<\/strong>&nbsp;na ur\u00fdchlenie pohybu zubov (samostatn\u00e1 aplik\u00e1cia, cca 600 \u20ac).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Poskytovate\u013e \/ port\u00e1l<\/th><th>N\u00e1poveda<\/th><th>Odkaz<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>ZWP Online<\/strong>&nbsp;- Preh\u013ead KFO-PBM<\/td><td>\u0160pecializovan\u00fd port\u00e1l<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zwp-online.info\/zwpnews\/wirtschaft-und-recht\/recht\/photobiomodulation-in-der-kieferorthopadie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zwp-online.info<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Laserov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my Fotona<\/strong>&nbsp;(Mo\u017enos\u0165 vyh\u013ead\u00e1vania predajcov\/klin\u00edk)<\/td><td>Zubn\u00e9 a lek\u00e1rske PBM, LightWalker<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fotona.com\/de\/treatments\/6496\/photobiomodulation-und-schmerzbehandlung\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fotona.com<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Neurologie_Psychiatrie_%E2%80%93_Alzheimer_TBI_Depression_fruhe_Phase\"><\/span>Neurol\u00f3gia\/psychiatria - Alzheimerova choroba, TBI, depresia (skor\u00e1 f\u00e1za)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1to oblas\u0165 je st\u00e1le predmetom klinick\u00fdch sk\u00fa\u0161ok. Pravidelne schv\u00e1len\u00e9 slu\u017eby pre pacientov s\u00fa v Nemecku st\u00e1le zriedkav\u00e9, existuj\u00fa v\u0161ak prv\u00e9 centr\u00e1 a \u0161t\u00fadie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Poskytovate\u013e \/ port\u00e1l<\/th><th>N\u00e1poveda<\/th><th>Odkaz<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>PBM-Photobiomodulation.eu<\/strong>&nbsp;- Eur\u00f3psky informa\u010dn\u00fd port\u00e1l s praktick\u00fdm preh\u013eadom<\/td><td>Regi\u00f3n DACH<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/pbm-photobiomodulation.eu\/PBM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pbm-photobiomodulation.eu<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Neurofeedback Luxembourg<\/strong>&nbsp;- informuje o neurologick\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch PBM<\/td><td>LU\/DACH<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/neurofeedback-luxembourg.com\/de\/photobiomodulation-ein-umfassender-leitfaden-fur-lichttherapievorteile\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">neurofeedback-luxembourg.com<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Allgemeine_Suchwerkzeuge\"><\/span>V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 vyh\u013ead\u00e1vacie n\u00e1stroje<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>V\u00fdrobca LumiThera pon\u00faka na svojej webovej str\u00e1nke\u00a0<strong>Vyh\u013ead\u00e1vanie polohy<\/strong>\u00a0pre postupy Valeda:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lumithera.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lumithera.com<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Port\u00e1l\u00a0<strong>pbm-photobiomodulation.eu<\/strong>\u00a0zoznamy eur\u00f3pskych postupov<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Str\u00e1nka\u00a0<strong>Svetov\u00e1 asoci\u00e1cia pre laserov\u00fa terapiu (WALT)<\/strong>\u00a0pon\u00faka glob\u00e1lne vyh\u013ead\u00e1vanie terapeutov<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 upozornenie:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00dahrada n\u00e1kladov zo z\u00e1konn\u00fdch fondov zdravotn\u00e9ho poistenia nie je v Nemecku zatia\u013e regulovan\u00e1 pre v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu indik\u00e1ci\u00ed PBM (s v\u00fdnimkou podpornej onkol\u00f3gie v niektor\u00fdch centr\u00e1ch).<br>PBM sa pou\u017e\u00edva preva\u017ene ako\u00a0<strong>Slu\u017eba IGeL<\/strong>\u00a0\u00fa\u010dtovan\u00e9 s\u00fakromne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Dokument je zalo\u017een\u00fd na recenzovanej literat\u00fare z PubMed, PMC, Frontiers, MDPI, Springer a Nature v obdob\u00ed od roku 2019 do 02.2026. <\/em><br>Zobrazen\u00e9 na <em>Parametre s\u00fa prevzat\u00e9 z klinick\u00fdch \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed a odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00ed WALT\/MASCC.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u0161etok obsah bol svedomito presk\u00faman\u00fd a odr\u00e1\u017ea aktu\u00e1lny (02.2026) stav publikovan\u00fdch poznatkov. Sl\u00fa\u017ei len na informa\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely a nenahr\u00e1dza odborn\u00fa lek\u00e1rsku konzult\u00e1ciu.<br><br>S\u00favisiace \u0161t\u00fadie poskytuj\u00fa lek\u00e1rovi \u010fal\u0161ie lek\u00e1rske a vedeck\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">\u010cas \u010d\u00edtania<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 12<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">z\u00e1pisnice<\/span><\/span>Umfassende Studien\u00fcbersicht 2023\u20132025 Einleitung Photobiomodulation (PBM), auch bekannt als Low-Level-Lasertherapie (LLLT), ist eine nicht-invasive therapeutische Methode, die Licht bestimmter Wellenl\u00e4ngen nutzt, um biologische Prozesse in lebendem Gewebe zu stimulieren.Prim\u00e4rer Mechanismus ist die Absorption von Photonen durch den mitochondrialen Photoakzeptor Cytochrom-c-Oxidase (CCO), was die ATP-Synthese steigert, reaktive Sauerstoffspezies moduliert und eine Kaskade zellul\u00e4rer Regenerationsprozesse anst\u00f6\u00dft. Das&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/blog\/2026\/02\/18\/photobiomodulation-pbm\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">\u010c\u00edta\u0165 viac \"<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Fotobiomodul\u00e1cia (PBM)<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12784","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"modified_by":"Achim Goerner","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12784","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12784"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12784\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12784"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12784"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12784"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}